Question

How would you separate a mixture of aniline and toluene?

Answer 1

1. The Density of any substance is defined as the ratio of its mass to its volume.
2. Water has a density of 1000 kg/cu.m
3. Toulene is a chemical compound that has lesser density than that of water. So, it stands on the top of the water layer and can be easily separated through the process of differential extraction.
4. Aniline has a higher boiling point than that of water(100° C). Thus it can be separated by the method of distillation.
5. The aniline and toluene mixture is stirred with HCl mixed in a separating panel. The two layers are separate. A waterproof layer in a water tank around 2080°Cprovides toluene. The aqueous layer evaporates dry and is then ground with KOH where pure aniline is found in the distillate.