Question

Hydrogen fluoride has a higher boiling point than hydrogen chloride,why

Answer 1

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Fluorine has the highest electronegativity of any atom. That means it likes to pull electrons toward it. When fluorine bonds with hydrogen, the polarity is so strong that it begins to exhibit the property of hydrogen bonding, which is in essence just an extreme dipole. Chlorine simply doesn’t have the pull of its halogen counterpart and can’t form that polar of a molecule.

In application, hydrogen fluoride will pull together due to hydrogen bonding, and more energy is required to separate the molecules to transition them from a liquid to a gas. The absence of the hydrogen bonding in hydrogen chloride means that it’s easier to pull the molecules apart.

Short answer: HF is much more polar than HCl.

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Answer 2

Hydrogen fluoride has a higher boiling point than hydrogen chloride because of hydrogen bonding

Explanation:

Hydrogen flouride has high boiling point than hydrogen chloride as in  hydrogen flouride , the molecules are bonded by strong hydrogen bonding between the hydrogen atom and a highly electronegative fluorine atom.

Hydrogen bonding is not possible in hydrogen chloride in-spite of the presence of electronegative chlorine as the size of chlorine atom is too large, such that its electron density is too low to form hydrogen bonds.

Learn more about hydrogen bonding

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