I-Fill in the blanks.
a. Great Bath has been discovered in ___________________.
b. People living in the _______________ grew crops and reared animals.
c. The alloy of tin and copper is called ____________.
d. Usually in the Harappan cities, the part to the west was smaller but higher and was known
as ____________.
e. Gold and silver were used to make _________ and ______________.
f._____________ are the impression of seals on clay.
II. State whether the statements are true or falsea. Many of these cities were divided into two or more parts
b. The city of Lothal stood beside a tributary of the Ganga, in Gujarat
c. Great Bath was made water-tight with a layer of natural tar
d. Usually in the Harappan cities, the part to the east was larger but lower and is called
the upper town.
e. The Harappans also made seals out of stone
f. All the raw materials that the Harappans used were available locally
III-Answer in shorta. List some uses of ‘Faience’
________________________________________________________________________
b. Who is a specialist?
________________________________________________________________________
IV-Answer the followinga. Write the important Dholavira.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
b. What were the reasons for the end of Harappan civilization?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________
Answers
I)
a. Great Bath has been discovered in Mohenjadaro.
b. People living in the Harapppan Civilization grew crops and reared animals.
c. The alloy of tin and copper is called Bronze.
d. Usually in the Harappan cities, the part to the west was smaller but higher and was known as Citadel.
e. Gold and silver were used to make jewellery and Ornaments.
f. Stamps are the impression of seals on clay
II)
a. True b) True c) True d) False e) True f) False
IV)
a) The Harapppans used Faience mainly for Jewelry and other ornaments.
b) Specialist are the archaeologists who excavated the Harapppan Civilization.
V)
Importance of Dholavira:
• Dholavira is one of the major cities of Harappan Civilization.
• Dholavira is presently located in Kutch district of Gujarat.
• Dholavira was excavated by J.P. Joshi, an Indian archaeologist.
• Dholavira is famous for seven rock cut structures.
• It is also famous for the water conservation body.
Decline of Harappan Civilization:
• Prof. Mortimer Wheeler proposed that the invasion of Aryans was the main reason for the decline of Harapppan Civilization.
• But many other historians rejected his theory.
• As Kenneth Kennedy, another historian showed that those dead bodies were abonded outside the citadel.
• However, the major reasons for its decline were deforestation, floods, drought, decline in trade with other civilizations etc.
• The above reasons were accepted by most of the historians.
Answer:
1 a. Mohenjodaro
b. Countryside
c. Bronze
d. Citadel
e. Ornaments and vessels
f. Sealings
2 a. True
b. True
c. True
d. False
e. True
f. False
3 a. Faience is a material that is artificially produced. A gum was used to shape sand/ powdered quartz into an object, they were then glazed resulting in an glassy surface. they were used to make beads, bangles etc..
b. A specialist is a person who is trained to do only one kind of work.
4 a. Dholavira: was situated in Khadir beyt in rann of kutch which was filled with fresh water and fertile soil.it was divided into 3 parts with massive walls.There were also a large open area where public ceremonies could be held. harappan scripts were also found here.
b. • Rivers dried up
• Deforestation
• Flooding
• Rulers lost their power
• People moved to new settlements.
FROM NCERT TEXTBOOK: HOPE IT IS HELPFUL
I WAS LATE ,SORRY :(