I really dont get the difference between H2O and H2O2 as there is no 2 in water and there is a 2 in hydrogen peroxide.
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the difference is that in water the oxidation number of oxygen is- 2 and in hydrogen peroxide the oxidation number of oxygen is- 1
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Originally Answered: What is the difference between H2O and O2?
Santrupt Nadkarni requested your answer
What is the difference between H2O and O2?
Of course, you know
H2O is water [ liquid state ] and O2 is oxygen gas – in the temperature band we live and observe these entities
Then, what exactly is it that you want to know ?
Perhaps you have not been able to put your doubts cogently
Both hydrogen and oxygen are elements
Hydrogen has only one electron in its orbits
It needs two electrons in the first shell to make a closed shell, chemically inert configuration
This explains chemical activity of atomic hydrogen
Below, I quote verbatim from an earlier quora answer
/profile/Ryan-CheuRyan Cheu, took 3.091 (MIT's Intro to Chem)
Oxygen has 6 valence electrons, because it's electron configuration is 1s 2 1s22s 2 2s22p 4 2p4. To determine valence electrons, add the outermost s s and p p orbitals.
Also, from a collapsed answer below:
Oxygen is #8 in the periodical table. First electron shell can hold 2 electrons; second, 8. Therefore, out of 8 electrons, 2 go to the first shell and 6 to the second; valence electrons are the ones on the outermost shell (there are some exceptions, but they are much further down the table).
Remember the H2O. Hydrogen only has 1 electron, which is used to form the chemical bond in the water molecule. So 2 hydrogen atoms lend 1 electron each to complete oxygen's outermost shell, which should hold exactly 8 electrons for the molecule to be stable, so 8 (must have) - 2 (from 2 hydrogen atoms) = 6 (oxygen's own).
Written 31 Jul 2015 • View Upvotes
There are two vacancies in the 2p orbit of oxygen
Filling them too would give us our next-to-next element neon – atomic number 10
Both, hydrogen as well as oxygen, occur in nature in molecular form
They are both diatomic molecules
When two hydrogen atoms come so close to each other that their electron orbits start overlapping, each electron is, as if, shared by both the protons
It is no longer possible to identify which electron was initially attached to which proton
It is now, as if, there are, effectively, two electrons in the fields of each of the protons
But, this is a compact electronic structure for both the protons !
This is how we explain binding in an H2 molecule
Bonds formed in this manner ( sharing of electrons ) are known as covalent bonds
Same story is repeated in explaining the bonding between two oxygen atoms
Only, in this case, two electrons are shared between two oxygen nuclei
Good diagrams demonstrating this bonding may be viewed in the following reference online
covalent bonds
Santrupt Nadkarni requested your answer
What is the difference between H2O and O2?
Of course, you know
H2O is water [ liquid state ] and O2 is oxygen gas – in the temperature band we live and observe these entities
Then, what exactly is it that you want to know ?
Perhaps you have not been able to put your doubts cogently
Both hydrogen and oxygen are elements
Hydrogen has only one electron in its orbits
It needs two electrons in the first shell to make a closed shell, chemically inert configuration
This explains chemical activity of atomic hydrogen
Below, I quote verbatim from an earlier quora answer
/profile/Ryan-CheuRyan Cheu, took 3.091 (MIT's Intro to Chem)
Oxygen has 6 valence electrons, because it's electron configuration is 1s 2 1s22s 2 2s22p 4 2p4. To determine valence electrons, add the outermost s s and p p orbitals.
Also, from a collapsed answer below:
Oxygen is #8 in the periodical table. First electron shell can hold 2 electrons; second, 8. Therefore, out of 8 electrons, 2 go to the first shell and 6 to the second; valence electrons are the ones on the outermost shell (there are some exceptions, but they are much further down the table).
Remember the H2O. Hydrogen only has 1 electron, which is used to form the chemical bond in the water molecule. So 2 hydrogen atoms lend 1 electron each to complete oxygen's outermost shell, which should hold exactly 8 electrons for the molecule to be stable, so 8 (must have) - 2 (from 2 hydrogen atoms) = 6 (oxygen's own).
Written 31 Jul 2015 • View Upvotes
There are two vacancies in the 2p orbit of oxygen
Filling them too would give us our next-to-next element neon – atomic number 10
Both, hydrogen as well as oxygen, occur in nature in molecular form
They are both diatomic molecules
When two hydrogen atoms come so close to each other that their electron orbits start overlapping, each electron is, as if, shared by both the protons
It is no longer possible to identify which electron was initially attached to which proton
It is now, as if, there are, effectively, two electrons in the fields of each of the protons
But, this is a compact electronic structure for both the protons !
This is how we explain binding in an H2 molecule
Bonds formed in this manner ( sharing of electrons ) are known as covalent bonds
Same story is repeated in explaining the bonding between two oxygen atoms
Only, in this case, two electrons are shared between two oxygen nuclei
Good diagrams demonstrating this bonding may be viewed in the following reference online
covalent bonds
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