Question

I) show the formation of magnesium chloride and sodium chloride by transfer of electrons. ii) identify the ions present in these compounds. iii) why do ionic compounds not conduct electricity in the solid state?

Answer 1

3- ionic compound do not conduct the electricity in solid state because there is no availability of free electrons and also there is no probability for the formation of ions .

Answer 2

1. We know Magnesium Chloride $MgCl_2$ , Magnesium is having 2 electrons in its outermost shell whereas, in Sodium Chloride $NaCl$, whereas Sodium is having only 1 electron in its outermost shell. Now, if Sodium loses its one electron it will attain the inert state. Similarly, if Magnesium loses its 2 electrons it will also attain an inert configuration. Whereas Chlorine only needs one 1 electron to attain the stable configuration because Chlorine is having 7 electrons in its outermost shell, Thus to achieve stability Chlorine will take 1 electron from Sodium and will form Sodium Chloride $NaCl$. Now in Magnesium Chloride 2 Chlorine atoms will take up2 electrons from Magnesium and will form Magnesium Chloride $MgCl_2$.
2. The ions present in Sodium Chloride and Magnesium Chloride are $Na^+ (cation), Mg^{2+} (cation), Cl^-(anion)$.
3. The ionic compounds do not conduct electricity in the solid state because of the absence of free ions/electrons in the solid-state. That is why ionic compounds do not conduct electricity in the solid-state .