Question

Ideas of national unity in early nineteenth-century Europe were closely allied to the ideology of liberalism. The term liberalism' derives from the Latin root liber, meaning free. For the new middle classes liberalism stood for freedom for the individual and equality of all before the law. Politically, it emphasized the concept of government by consent. Since the French Revolution, liberalism had stood for the end of autocracy and clerical privileges, a constitution and representative government through parliament. Nineteenth-century liberals also stressed the inviolability of private property. Yet, equality before the law did not necessarily stand for universal suffrage. You will recall that in evolutionary France, which marked the first political experiment in liberal democracy, the right to vote and to get elected was granted exclusively to property-owning men. Men without property and all women were excluded from political rights. Only for a brief period under the Jacobins did all adult males enjoy suffrage. However, the Napoleonic Code went back to limited suffrage and reduced women to the status of a minor, subject to the authority of fathers and husbands. Throughout the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries women and non-propertied men organized opposition movements demanding equal political rights.

(i). Which type of government was emphasized by Liberals?
a) Autocracy
b) Government of Consent
c) Both are correct
d) None of the above
(ii).What do you understand by Liberalism?
(iii) .......... Code brought back the limited suffrage.
(iv) Which country was the first experiment of Liberal Democracy? ​

Answer 1

Answer:

i) govt of consent

ii) liberalism means free

iii) Napoleonic code

iv) France

Answer 2

Answer:

(i) b) Government of Consent

(ii)The term ‘liberalism’ derives from the Latin root liber, meaning free

(iii) Civil or Napoleonic

(iv) France