Impact of rural industrialization in india: case studies
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Rural Industrialisation
Uploaded by Appan Kandala Vasudevachary
22.4 Programs for Rural Industrialization:
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The development of rural industries as sine qua non for ruraldevelopment had drawn the attention of the planners even from the firstfive year plan. Thus, one of the constant objectives of planneddevelopment beginning with the First Five Year Plan has been the rapidwidespread development of small inducers including cottage, householdand small scale. In the second plan however, an independent positionwas carried out for the development of rural and small scale sector. TheKarve Committee which was appointed to recommend the program ofdevelopment of small industries for second plan suggested organizationof industrial co-operatives for the implementation of the whole program.In the third plan emphasis was on integration of village industries withthe rural economy. The rural industries projects also came up during thisperiod.

22.4.1 Rural Industries Project:
A centrally sponsored scheme for rural industries projects was taken up in1962-63. To start with, 45 areas were selected in the state and unionterritories each covering 3 to 5 development blocks with a population of 300-500 thousand, for intensive development of small industries in rural areas.
Later on four more areas, near large scale projects of Durgapur, Bhilai,Bhadravati and Ranchi were added in 1965. The progress made so far inthese projects varies considerably from one area to another. On the whole, of45 areas which were selected initially, progress in about one of these hasbeen encouraging.
The government of India set up a committee with Bhagvati as chairman tosuggest measures to solve the un-employment problem. Following thepublication of Bhagvati report in 1973, the government took the followingmeasures/programs to provide employment and alleviate under-employmentin India. They are:

22.4.2 Rural Works Program:The emphasis under the program was on the construction of civil worksof permanent nature as would contribute to the mitigation. If not the totaleradication of the scarcity condition in the areas concerned.22.4.3 Marginal Farmers and Agricultural Laborers:Under the scheme, families were to be assisted with subsidized creditsupport for agricultural and subsidiary occupations like dairy, poultry,fishery, piggery-rearing horticultural operations etc.,22.4.4 Small Farmers Development Agency:The object of the scheme was to make available to small farmers creditto enable them to make use of the latest technology to practice intensiveagriculture and diversity their activities.
22.4.5 Integrated Dry Land Agricultural Developments
Under the scheme, permanent works like soil conservation, landdevelopment and water harnessing were undertaken these programswere labor intensive and it was estimated that for an expenditure of everyone crore of rupees, about 15,000 persons would get employment.
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