Importance of National
park, wildlife sanctuary
and biosphere reserves.
Answers
Wʜᴀᴛ ɪs ᴀ Nᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ Pᴀʀᴋ?
A Nᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ Pᴀʀᴋ ɪs ᴀ ɴᴀᴛᴜʀᴀʟ sᴘᴀᴄᴇ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ɪs ᴅᴇᴅɪᴄᴀᴛᴇᴅ ғᴏʀ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴜʀᴘᴏsᴇs ᴏғ ᴄᴏɴsᴇʀᴠᴀᴛɪᴏɴ, ʀᴇᴄʀᴇᴀᴛɪᴏɴ, ᴀɴᴅ ᴘʀᴏᴛᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ. Dɪғғᴇʀᴇɴᴛ ᴄᴏᴜɴᴛʀɪᴇs ʜᴀᴠᴇ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ᴏᴡɴ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴘᴀʀᴋs ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅᴇsɪɢɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏғ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴘᴀʀᴋs ᴀᴄʀᴏss ᴛʜᴇ ɢʟᴏʙᴇ ᴅᴇᴘᴇɴᴅs ᴏɴ ᴇᴀᴄʜ ɪɴᴅɪᴠɪᴅᴜᴀʟ ᴄᴏᴜɴᴛʀʏ’s sʏsᴛᴇᴍ ᴀɴᴅ ᴊᴜᴅɢᴍᴇɴᴛ. Bᴜᴛ ᴍᴏsᴛ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴘᴀʀᴋs ʜᴀᴠᴇ sɪᴍɪʟᴀʀ ᴀɪᴍs – ᴛᴏ ᴄᴏɴsᴇʀᴠᴇ ᴡɪʟᴅ ɴᴀᴛᴜʀᴇ ɪɴ ᴏʀᴅᴇʀ ᴛᴏ ᴘʀᴏᴛᴇᴄᴛ ɪᴛ ғᴏʀ ᴛʜᴇ ғᴜᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴀs ᴡᴇʟʟ ᴀs ᴀʟʟᴏᴡ ᴘᴇᴏᴘʟᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄʜᴀɴᴄᴇ ᴛᴏ ᴇɴᴊᴏʏ ɪᴛ. Nᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴘᴀʀᴋs ᴀʀᴇ ᴏғᴛᴇɴ ᴀ sʏᴍʙᴏʟ ᴏғ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴘʀɪᴅᴇ. Mᴏsᴛ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴘᴀʀᴋs ᴀʀᴇ ᴏᴘᴇɴ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴜʙʟɪᴄ ᴀɴᴅ ᴘʀᴏᴠɪᴅᴇ ᴏᴘᴘᴏʀᴛᴜɴɪᴛɪᴇs ғᴏʀ ʀᴇᴄʀᴇᴀᴛɪᴏɴ, ᴄᴀᴍᴘɪɴɢ, ᴀɴᴅ ᴡᴀʟᴋɪɴɢ. Mᴏsᴛ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴘᴀʀᴋs ʜᴀᴠᴇ ᴀɴ ᴏᴜᴛsᴛᴀɴᴅɪɴɢ ʟᴇᴠᴇʟ ᴏғ ɴᴀᴛᴜʀᴀʟ ʙᴇᴀᴜᴛʏ, ᴡʜᴇᴛʜᴇʀ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴇᴀᴜᴛʏ ᴄᴏᴍᴇs ғʀᴏᴍ ᴍᴏᴜɴᴛᴀɪɴs, ʟᴀᴋᴇs, ʀɪᴠᴇʀs ᴏʀ ᴘʟᴀɪɴs.
Tʜᴇ ғɪʀsᴛ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴘᴀʀᴋ ᴡᴀs ᴇsᴛᴀʙʟɪsʜᴇᴅ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ Uɴɪᴛᴇᴅ Sᴛᴀᴛᴇs ɪɴ 1872 – Yᴇʟʟᴏᴡsᴛᴏɴᴇ Nᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ Pᴀʀᴋ. Mᴀᴄᴋɪɴᴀᴄ Isʟᴀɴᴅ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ US ᴡᴀs ᴇsᴛᴀʙʟɪsʜᴇᴅ ɪɴ 1875 ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ᴛʜɪʀᴅ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴘᴀʀᴋ ᴄʀᴇᴀᴛᴇᴅ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴡᴏʀʟᴅ ᴡᴀs ᴛʜᴇ Rᴏʏᴀʟ Nᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ Pᴀʀᴋ ɪɴ Aᴜsᴛʀᴀʟɪᴀ. Tʜᴇ ʟᴀʀɢᴇsᴛ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴘᴀʀᴋ ʙʏ ᴀʀᴇᴀ ɪs ᴛʜᴇ Nᴏʀᴛʜᴇᴀsᴛ Gʀᴇᴇɴʟᴀɴᴅ Nᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ Pᴀʀᴋ, ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ᴡᴀs ᴅᴇᴠᴇʟᴏᴘᴇᴅ ɪɴ 1974.
Wʜᴀᴛ ɪs ᴀ Wɪʟᴅʟɪғᴇ Sᴀɴᴄᴛᴜᴀʀʏ?
Aɴɪᴍᴀʟ sᴀɴᴄᴛᴜᴀʀɪᴇs ᴇxɪsᴛ ғᴏʀ ᴍᴀɴʏ sᴘᴇᴄɪғɪᴄ ʀᴇᴀsᴏɴs, ʙᴜᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ᴏᴠᴇʀʀɪᴅɪɴɢ ʀᴇᴀsᴏɴ ɪs ᴛᴏ ʜᴇʟᴘ ᴘʀᴏᴛᴇᴄᴛ ᴀɴɪᴍᴀʟs ᴀɴᴅ sᴀғᴇɢᴜᴀʀᴅ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ʟɪᴠᴇs. Aɴɪᴍᴀʟ sᴀɴᴄᴛᴜᴀʀɪᴇs ɢɪᴠᴇ ɴᴇᴡ ʜᴏᴍᴇs ᴛᴏ ᴀʙᴀɴᴅᴏɴᴇᴅ ᴀɴɪᴍᴀʟs ᴀɴᴅ ᴀɴɪᴍᴀʟs ʀᴇsᴄᴜᴇᴅ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴅᴀɴɢᴇʀᴏᴜs ᴄᴏɴᴅɪᴛɪᴏɴs, ʜᴇʟᴘ ᴛᴏ ᴘʀᴏᴛᴇᴄᴛ ᴀɴɪᴍᴀʟs ғʀᴏᴍ ɪʟʟᴇɢᴀʟ ᴀᴄᴛɪᴠɪᴛɪᴇs, ᴀɴᴅ sᴇʀᴠᴇ ᴀs ᴘʟᴀᴄᴇs ᴡʜᴇʀᴇ ᴇɴᴅᴀɴɢᴇʀᴇᴅ ᴀɴɪᴍᴀʟs ʙʀᴇᴇᴅ ᴀɴᴅ ᴀʀᴇ ᴛʜᴇʀᴇғᴏʀᴇ ᴘʀᴏᴛᴇᴄᴛᴇᴅ. Aɴɪᴍᴀʟs ɪɴ ᴀɴɪᴍᴀʟ sᴀɴᴄᴛᴜᴀʀɪᴇs ᴄᴀɴɴᴏᴛ ʙᴇ ʀᴇsᴘᴏɴsɪʙʟʏ ʀᴇᴛᴜʀɴᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ɴᴀᴛᴜʀᴀʟ ʜᴀʙɪᴛᴀᴛs ᴀs ᴛʜᴇʏ ᴀʀᴇ ɴᴏᴛ ғɪᴛ ᴇɴᴏᴜɢʜ ғᴏʀ ᴛʜᴇ ᴡɪʟᴅ, ᴏʀ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ʜᴀʙɪᴛᴀᴛ ʜᴀs ʙᴇᴇɴ ᴅᴇsᴛʀᴏʏᴇᴅ. A sᴀɴᴄᴛᴜᴀʀʏ ɪs ᴀ ʜᴀᴠᴇɴ, ᴀ ᴘʟᴀᴄᴇ ᴡʜᴇʀᴇ ᴀɴɪᴍᴀʟs ᴄᴀɴ ʙᴇ ᴘʀᴏᴛᴇᴄᴛᴇᴅ.
Iᴍᴘᴏʀᴛᴀɴᴄᴇ ᴏғ Bɪᴏsᴘʜᴇʀᴇ Rᴇsᴇʀᴠᴇs
Tʜᴇʏ ʀᴇᴘʀᴇsᴇɴᴛ ᴀɴ ᴇxᴄᴇʟʟᴇɴᴛ ᴀʟᴛᴇʀɴᴀᴛɪᴠᴇ ᴛᴏ ɪᴍᴘʟᴇᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴀ ʜᴀʀᴍᴏɴɪᴏᴜs ʀᴇʟᴀᴛɪᴏɴsʜɪᴘ ʙᴇᴛᴡᴇᴇɴ ʜᴜᴍᴀɴ ᴀɴᴅ ɴᴀᴛᴜʀᴇ. Rᴇᴄᴏɢɴɪᴢɪɴɢ ᴀʟʟ ᴠᴀʟᴜᴇs ᴛʜᴀᴛ ɴᴀᴛᴜʀᴀʟ ʀᴇsᴏᴜʀᴄᴇs ᴀɴᴅ ʙɪᴏᴅɪᴠᴇʀsɪᴛʏ ᴄᴏɴᴛʀɪʙᴜᴛᴇ ᴛᴏ ʜᴜᴍᴀɴɪᴛʏ.
Gᴇɴᴇ ʙᴀɴᴋs:
Tʜᴇ ᴅɪᴠᴇʀsɪᴛʏ ᴏғ ɢᴇɴᴇs, ᴘʟᴀɴᴛ ᴀɴᴅ ᴀɴɪᴍᴀʟ sᴘᴇᴄɪᴇs, ᴇᴄᴏsʏsᴛᴇᴍs ᴀɴᴅ ʟᴀɴᴅsᴄᴀᴘᴇs ᴏɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘʟᴀɴᴇᴛ ᴀʀᴇ ᴍᴏʀᴇ ᴀɴᴅ ᴍᴏʀᴇ ᴛʜʀᴇᴀᴛᴇɴᴇᴅ. Bɪᴏᴅɪᴠᴇʀsɪᴛʏ ɪs ᴀ sᴏᴜʀᴄᴇ ᴏғ ғᴏᴏᴅ, ғɪʙᴇʀ, ᴍᴇᴅɪᴄɪɴᴇs ᴀɴᴅ ʀᴀᴡ ᴍᴀᴛᴇʀɪᴀʟs ғᴏʀ ɪɴᴅᴜsᴛʀʏ ᴀɴᴅ ᴄᴏɴsᴛʀᴜᴄᴛɪᴏɴ.
Hᴇᴀʟᴛʜʏ Eᴄᴏsʏsᴛᴇᴍs:
Tʜᴇʏ Sᴛʀᴇɴɢᴛʜᴇɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴀɪɴᴛᴇɴᴀɴᴄᴇ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ sʏsᴛᴇᴍs ᴛʜᴀᴛ sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛ ʟɪғᴇ; ᴘʀᴇᴠᴇɴᴛɪɴɢ sᴏɪʟ ᴇʀᴏsɪᴏɴ, ᴘʀᴏᴛᴇᴄᴛɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇ ᴡᴀᴛᴇʀ sᴘʀɪɴɢs; ᴀɴᴅ ᴅᴇᴄᴏᴍᴘᴏsᴇʀs ᴀɢᴇɴᴛs ғᴀᴄɪʟɪᴛᴀᴛɪɴɢ ʀᴇᴄʏᴄʟɪɴɢ ᴏғ ɴᴜᴛʀɪᴇɴᴛs ᴀɴᴅ ᴀʙsᴏʀʙɪɴɢ ᴀɪʀ / ᴡᴀᴛᴇʀ ᴘᴏʟʟᴜᴛᴀɴᴛs.
Oᴘᴇɴ ᴄʟᴀssʀᴏᴏᴍs:
Tʜᴇʏ ᴀʀᴇ ᴘʟᴀᴄᴇs ᴛᴏ ʀᴇsᴇᴀʀᴄʜ ᴀʙᴏᴜᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ᴏʀɢᴀɴɪᴢᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅʏɴᴀᴍɪᴄ ᴍᴏᴠᴇᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴏғ ɴᴀᴛᴜʀᴀʟ ʀᴇsᴏᴜʀᴄᴇs ɪɴᴄʟᴜᴅɪɴɢ ʜᴜᴍᴀɴs.
Tʜᴇʏ ᴀʟʟᴏᴡ ᴛʜʀᴏᴜɢʜ ʀᴇsᴇᴀʀᴄʜ ᴛᴏ ʀᴇᴄʀᴇᴀᴛᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ʟᴀɴᴅsᴄᴀᴘᴇs ᴛʜᴀᴛ ʜᴀᴠᴇ ʙᴇᴇɴ ᴀғғᴇᴄᴛᴇᴅ ʙʏ ʜᴜᴍᴀɴ ᴀᴄᴛɪᴠɪᴛʏ, ɪᴅᴇɴᴛɪғʏ sᴘᴇᴄɪᴇs ᴛʜᴀᴛ ʜᴀᴠᴇ ᴅɪsᴀᴘᴘᴇᴀʀᴇᴅ, ᴍᴏɴɪᴛᴏʀ ᴄʟɪᴍᴀᴛᴇ ᴄʜᴀɴɢᴇ ᴘʀᴏᴄᴇssᴇs, ғᴏʀ sᴇᴇᴋɪɴɢ ʀᴇᴄᴏᴠᴇʀʏ ᴏғ ᴇᴄᴏsʏsᴛᴇᴍs ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ᴄᴏᴍᴘᴏɴᴇɴᴛs ᴀɴᴅ ᴍᴀᴋᴇ ʙᴇᴛᴛᴇʀ ᴅᴇᴄɪsɪᴏɴs.
Lᴀɴᴅ Usᴇ Pʟᴀɴɴɪɴɢ:
Tʜᴇʏ Mᴀɴᴀɢᴇ ʟᴀɴᴅ ᴜsᴇ ᴘʟᴀɴɴɪɴɢ ɪɴ ᴀ ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄɪᴘᴀᴛᴏʀʏ ᴍᴀɴɴᴇʀ. Aʟʟ sᴇᴄᴛᴏʀᴀʟ ɢʀᴏᴜᴘs, ʟᴀɴᴅᴏᴡɴᴇʀs, ᴘᴜʙʟɪᴄ ɪɴsᴛɪᴛᴜᴛɪᴏɴs, sᴄɪᴇɴᴛɪsᴛs, ғᴀʀᴍᴇʀs, ɪɴᴅᴜsᴛʀʏ, ᴄᴏɴsᴇʀᴠᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ɢʀᴏᴜᴘs, ɪᴍᴍᴇʀsᴇᴅ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇsᴇ ᴛᴇʀʀɪᴛᴏʀɪᴇs ᴄᴀɴ ᴅɪsᴄᴜss ᴄᴏɴғʟɪᴄᴛs ᴀɴᴅ ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴏɴ ɪɴᴛᴇʀᴇsᴛs, ᴀɴᴅ ᴡᴏʀᴋ ᴛᴏɢᴇᴛʜᴇʀ ᴛᴏ ᴄᴏᴏʀᴅɪɴᴀᴛᴇ ᴛʜᴇ sᴇᴀʀᴄʜ ғᴏʀ ᴀ ᴄᴏᴍᴘʀᴇʜᴇɴsɪᴠᴇ ʟᴀɴᴅ ᴍᴀɴᴀɢᴇᴍᴇɴᴛ.
Eᴍᴘᴏᴡᴇʀᴍᴇɴᴛ:
Fᴀᴄɪʟɪᴛᴀᴛᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴇᴍᴘᴏᴡᴇʀᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴏғ ʟᴏᴄᴀʟ ɢᴏᴠᴇʀɴᴍᴇɴᴛs ᴀɴᴅ ғᴀᴄɪʟɪᴛᴀᴛᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴊᴏɪɴᴛ sᴇᴀʀᴄʜ ғᴏʀ sᴏʟᴜᴛɪᴏɴs ᴛᴏ sᴏᴄɪᴀʟ ᴀɴᴅ ᴇɴᴠɪʀᴏɴᴍᴇɴᴛᴀʟ ᴘʀᴏʙʟᴇᴍs.
Exᴘᴇʀɪᴍᴇɴᴛᴀᴛɪᴏɴ:
Tʜᴇʏ ᴀʀᴇ sᴘᴀᴄᴇs ᴡʜᴇʀᴇ sᴜsᴛᴀɪɴᴀʙʟᴇ ᴇᴄᴏɴᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴘʀᴀᴄᴛɪᴄᴇs ᴀʀᴇ ᴅᴇᴠᴇʟᴏᴘᴇᴅ. Tʜᴇʏ ᴀʟʟᴏᴡ ɴᴏᴛ ᴏɴʟʏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘʀᴏᴛᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏғ sᴏɪʟ, ʙᴜᴛ ᴀʟsᴏ ᴏғ ᴡᴀᴛᴇʀ ᴀɴᴅ sᴘᴇᴄɪᴇs ᴏғ ᴡɪʟᴅ ᴘʟᴀɴᴛs ᴀɴᴅ ᴀɴɪᴍᴀʟs, ᴀᴍᴏɴɢ ᴏᴛʜᴇʀs.
Eɴᴠɪʀᴏɴᴍᴇɴᴛᴀʟ Eᴅᴜᴄᴀᴛɪᴏɴ:
Tʜᴇʏ ᴀʀᴇ sɪᴛᴇs ᴛʜᴀᴛ ғᴀᴄɪʟɪᴛᴀᴛᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴡᴀʏ ᴛᴏ ᴋɴᴏᴡ ᴀɴᴅ ʟᴇᴀʀɴ ᴀʙᴏᴜᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅʏɴᴀᴍɪᴄs ᴏғ ɴᴀᴛᴜʀᴀʟ ᴇᴄᴏsʏsᴛᴇᴍs. Aɴᴅ ʜᴇʟᴘ ᴛʜᴇ ʀᴇᴄᴏᴠᴇʀʏ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇsᴇ.
Pʀᴏᴍᴏᴛᴇ ᴘᴇᴀᴄᴇ, ʜᴀʀᴍᴏɴʏ ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ʀᴇsᴄᴜᴇ ᴏғ ᴛʀᴀᴅɪᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴀᴄᴛɪᴠɪᴛɪᴇs.
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Wʜᴀᴛ ɪs ᴀ Nᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ Pᴀʀᴋ?
A Nᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ Pᴀʀᴋ ɪs ᴀ ɴᴀᴛᴜʀᴀʟ sᴘᴀᴄᴇ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ɪs ᴅᴇᴅɪᴄᴀᴛᴇᴅ ғᴏʀ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴜʀᴘᴏsᴇs ᴏғ ᴄᴏɴsᴇʀᴠᴀᴛɪᴏɴ, ʀᴇᴄʀᴇᴀᴛɪᴏɴ, ᴀɴᴅ ᴘʀᴏᴛᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ. Dɪғғᴇʀᴇɴᴛ ᴄᴏᴜɴᴛʀɪᴇs ʜᴀᴠᴇ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ᴏᴡɴ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴘᴀʀᴋs ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅᴇsɪɢɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏғ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴘᴀʀᴋs ᴀᴄʀᴏss ᴛʜᴇ ɢʟᴏʙᴇ ᴅᴇᴘᴇɴᴅs ᴏɴ ᴇᴀᴄʜ ɪɴᴅɪᴠɪᴅᴜᴀʟ ᴄᴏᴜɴᴛʀʏ’s sʏsᴛᴇᴍ ᴀɴᴅ ᴊᴜᴅɢᴍᴇɴᴛ. Bᴜᴛ ᴍᴏsᴛ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴘᴀʀᴋs ʜᴀᴠᴇ sɪᴍɪʟᴀʀ ᴀɪᴍs – ᴛᴏ ᴄᴏɴsᴇʀᴠᴇ ᴡɪʟᴅ ɴᴀᴛᴜʀᴇ ɪɴ ᴏʀᴅᴇʀ ᴛᴏ ᴘʀᴏᴛᴇᴄᴛ ɪᴛ ғᴏʀ ᴛʜᴇ ғᴜᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴀs ᴡᴇʟʟ ᴀs ᴀʟʟᴏᴡ ᴘᴇᴏᴘʟᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄʜᴀɴᴄᴇ ᴛᴏ ᴇɴᴊᴏʏ ɪᴛ. Nᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴘᴀʀᴋs ᴀʀᴇ ᴏғᴛᴇɴ ᴀ sʏᴍʙᴏʟ ᴏғ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴘʀɪᴅᴇ. Mᴏsᴛ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴘᴀʀᴋs ᴀʀᴇ ᴏᴘᴇɴ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴜʙʟɪᴄ ᴀɴᴅ ᴘʀᴏᴠɪᴅᴇ ᴏᴘᴘᴏʀᴛᴜɴɪᴛɪᴇs ғᴏʀ ʀᴇᴄʀᴇᴀᴛɪᴏɴ, ᴄᴀᴍᴘɪɴɢ, ᴀɴᴅ ᴡᴀʟᴋɪɴɢ. Mᴏsᴛ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴘᴀʀᴋs ʜᴀᴠᴇ ᴀɴ ᴏᴜᴛsᴛᴀɴᴅɪɴɢ ʟᴇᴠᴇʟ ᴏғ ɴᴀᴛᴜʀᴀʟ ʙᴇᴀᴜᴛʏ, ᴡʜᴇᴛʜᴇʀ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴇᴀᴜᴛʏ ᴄᴏᴍᴇs ғʀᴏᴍ ᴍᴏᴜɴᴛᴀɪɴs, ʟᴀᴋᴇs, ʀɪᴠᴇʀs ᴏʀ ᴘʟᴀɪɴs.
Tʜᴇ ғɪʀsᴛ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴘᴀʀᴋ ᴡᴀs ᴇsᴛᴀʙʟɪsʜᴇᴅ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ Uɴɪᴛᴇᴅ Sᴛᴀᴛᴇs ɪɴ 1872 – Yᴇʟʟᴏᴡsᴛᴏɴᴇ Nᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ Pᴀʀᴋ. Mᴀᴄᴋɪɴᴀᴄ Isʟᴀɴᴅ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ US ᴡᴀs ᴇsᴛᴀʙʟɪsʜᴇᴅ ɪɴ 1875 ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ᴛʜɪʀᴅ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴘᴀʀᴋ ᴄʀᴇᴀᴛᴇᴅ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴡᴏʀʟᴅ ᴡᴀs ᴛʜᴇ Rᴏʏᴀʟ Nᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ Pᴀʀᴋ ɪɴ Aᴜsᴛʀᴀʟɪᴀ. Tʜᴇ ʟᴀʀɢᴇsᴛ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴘᴀʀᴋ ʙʏ ᴀʀᴇᴀ ɪs ᴛʜᴇ Nᴏʀᴛʜᴇᴀsᴛ Gʀᴇᴇɴʟᴀɴᴅ Nᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ Pᴀʀᴋ, ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ᴡᴀs ᴅᴇᴠᴇʟᴏᴘᴇᴅ ɪɴ 1974.
Wʜᴀᴛ ɪs ᴀ Wɪʟᴅʟɪғᴇ Sᴀɴᴄᴛᴜᴀʀʏ?
Aɴɪᴍᴀʟ sᴀɴᴄᴛᴜᴀʀɪᴇs ᴇxɪsᴛ ғᴏʀ ᴍᴀɴʏ sᴘᴇᴄɪғɪᴄ ʀᴇᴀsᴏɴs, ʙᴜᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ᴏᴠᴇʀʀɪᴅɪɴɢ ʀᴇᴀsᴏɴ ɪs ᴛᴏ ʜᴇʟᴘ ᴘʀᴏᴛᴇᴄᴛ ᴀɴɪᴍᴀʟs ᴀɴᴅ sᴀғᴇɢᴜᴀʀᴅ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ʟɪᴠᴇs. Aɴɪᴍᴀʟ sᴀɴᴄᴛᴜᴀʀɪᴇs ɢɪᴠᴇ ɴᴇᴡ ʜᴏᴍᴇs ᴛᴏ ᴀʙᴀɴᴅᴏɴᴇᴅ ᴀɴɪᴍᴀʟs ᴀɴᴅ ᴀɴɪᴍᴀʟs ʀᴇsᴄᴜᴇᴅ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴅᴀɴɢᴇʀᴏᴜs ᴄᴏɴᴅɪᴛɪᴏɴs, ʜᴇʟᴘ ᴛᴏ ᴘʀᴏᴛᴇᴄᴛ ᴀɴɪᴍᴀʟs ғʀᴏᴍ ɪʟʟᴇɢᴀʟ ᴀᴄᴛɪᴠɪᴛɪᴇs, ᴀɴᴅ sᴇʀᴠᴇ ᴀs ᴘʟᴀᴄᴇs ᴡʜᴇʀᴇ ᴇɴᴅᴀɴɢᴇʀᴇᴅ ᴀɴɪᴍᴀʟs ʙʀᴇᴇᴅ ᴀɴᴅ ᴀʀᴇ ᴛʜᴇʀᴇғᴏʀᴇ ᴘʀᴏᴛᴇᴄᴛᴇᴅ. Aɴɪᴍᴀʟs ɪɴ ᴀɴɪᴍᴀʟ sᴀɴᴄᴛᴜᴀʀɪᴇs ᴄᴀɴɴᴏᴛ ʙᴇ ʀᴇsᴘᴏɴsɪʙʟʏ ʀᴇᴛᴜʀɴᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ɴᴀᴛᴜʀᴀʟ ʜᴀʙɪᴛᴀᴛs ᴀs ᴛʜᴇʏ ᴀʀᴇ ɴᴏᴛ ғɪᴛ ᴇɴᴏᴜɢʜ ғᴏʀ ᴛʜᴇ ᴡɪʟᴅ, ᴏʀ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ʜᴀʙɪᴛᴀᴛ ʜᴀs ʙᴇᴇɴ ᴅᴇsᴛʀᴏʏᴇᴅ. A sᴀɴᴄᴛᴜᴀʀʏ ɪs ᴀ ʜᴀᴠᴇɴ, ᴀ ᴘʟᴀᴄᴇ ᴡʜᴇʀᴇ ᴀɴɪᴍᴀʟs ᴄᴀɴ ʙᴇ ᴘʀᴏᴛᴇᴄᴛᴇᴅ.
Iᴍᴘᴏʀᴛᴀɴᴄᴇ ᴏғ Bɪᴏsᴘʜᴇʀᴇ Rᴇsᴇʀᴠᴇs
Tʜᴇʏ ʀᴇᴘʀᴇsᴇɴᴛ ᴀɴ ᴇxᴄᴇʟʟᴇɴᴛ ᴀʟᴛᴇʀɴᴀᴛɪᴠᴇ ᴛᴏ ɪᴍᴘʟᴇᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴀ ʜᴀʀᴍᴏɴɪᴏᴜs ʀᴇʟᴀᴛɪᴏɴsʜɪᴘ ʙᴇᴛᴡᴇᴇɴ ʜᴜᴍᴀɴ ᴀɴᴅ ɴᴀᴛᴜʀᴇ. Rᴇᴄᴏɢɴɪᴢɪɴɢ ᴀʟʟ ᴠᴀʟᴜᴇs ᴛʜᴀᴛ ɴᴀᴛᴜʀᴀʟ ʀᴇsᴏᴜʀᴄᴇs ᴀɴᴅ ʙɪᴏᴅɪᴠᴇʀsɪᴛʏ ᴄᴏɴᴛʀɪʙᴜᴛᴇ ᴛᴏ ʜᴜᴍᴀɴɪᴛʏ.
Gᴇɴᴇ ʙᴀɴᴋs:
Tʜᴇ ᴅɪᴠᴇʀsɪᴛʏ ᴏғ ɢᴇɴᴇs, ᴘʟᴀɴᴛ ᴀɴᴅ ᴀɴɪᴍᴀʟ sᴘᴇᴄɪᴇs, ᴇᴄᴏsʏsᴛᴇᴍs ᴀɴᴅ ʟᴀɴᴅsᴄᴀᴘᴇs ᴏɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘʟᴀɴᴇᴛ ᴀʀᴇ ᴍᴏʀᴇ ᴀɴᴅ ᴍᴏʀᴇ ᴛʜʀᴇᴀᴛᴇɴᴇᴅ. Bɪᴏᴅɪᴠᴇʀsɪᴛʏ ɪs ᴀ sᴏᴜʀᴄᴇ ᴏғ ғᴏᴏᴅ, ғɪʙᴇʀ, ᴍᴇᴅɪᴄɪɴᴇs ᴀɴᴅ ʀᴀᴡ ᴍᴀᴛᴇʀɪᴀʟs ғᴏʀ ɪɴᴅᴜsᴛʀʏ ᴀɴᴅ ᴄᴏɴsᴛʀᴜᴄᴛɪᴏɴ.
Hᴇᴀʟᴛʜʏ Eᴄᴏsʏsᴛᴇᴍs:
Tʜᴇʏ Sᴛʀᴇɴɢᴛʜᴇɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴀɪɴᴛᴇɴᴀɴᴄᴇ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ sʏsᴛᴇᴍs ᴛʜᴀᴛ sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛ ʟɪғᴇ; ᴘʀᴇᴠᴇɴᴛɪɴɢ sᴏɪʟ ᴇʀᴏsɪᴏɴ, ᴘʀᴏᴛᴇᴄᴛɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇ ᴡᴀᴛᴇʀ sᴘʀɪɴɢs; ᴀɴᴅ ᴅᴇᴄᴏᴍᴘᴏsᴇʀs ᴀɢᴇɴᴛs ғᴀᴄɪʟɪᴛᴀᴛɪɴɢ ʀᴇᴄʏᴄʟɪɴɢ ᴏғ ɴᴜᴛʀɪᴇɴᴛs ᴀɴᴅ ᴀʙsᴏʀʙɪɴɢ ᴀɪʀ / ᴡᴀᴛᴇʀ ᴘᴏʟʟᴜᴛᴀɴᴛs.
Oᴘᴇɴ ᴄʟᴀssʀᴏᴏᴍs:
Tʜᴇʏ ᴀʀᴇ ᴘʟᴀᴄᴇs ᴛᴏ ʀᴇsᴇᴀʀᴄʜ ᴀʙᴏᴜᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ᴏʀɢᴀɴɪᴢᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅʏɴᴀᴍɪᴄ ᴍᴏᴠᴇᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴏғ ɴᴀᴛᴜʀᴀʟ ʀᴇsᴏᴜʀᴄᴇs ɪɴᴄʟᴜᴅɪɴɢ ʜᴜᴍᴀɴs.
Tʜᴇʏ ᴀʟʟᴏᴡ ᴛʜʀᴏᴜɢʜ ʀᴇsᴇᴀʀᴄʜ ᴛᴏ ʀᴇᴄʀᴇᴀᴛᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ʟᴀɴᴅsᴄᴀᴘᴇs ᴛʜᴀᴛ ʜᴀᴠᴇ ʙᴇᴇɴ ᴀғғᴇᴄᴛᴇᴅ ʙʏ ʜᴜᴍᴀɴ ᴀᴄᴛɪᴠɪᴛʏ, ɪᴅᴇɴᴛɪғʏ sᴘᴇᴄɪᴇs ᴛʜᴀᴛ ʜᴀᴠᴇ ᴅɪsᴀᴘᴘᴇᴀʀᴇᴅ, ᴍᴏɴɪᴛᴏʀ ᴄʟɪᴍᴀᴛᴇ ᴄʜᴀɴɢᴇ ᴘʀᴏᴄᴇssᴇs, ғᴏʀ sᴇᴇᴋɪɴɢ ʀᴇᴄᴏᴠᴇʀʏ ᴏғ ᴇᴄᴏsʏsᴛᴇᴍs ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ᴄᴏᴍᴘᴏɴᴇɴᴛs ᴀɴᴅ ᴍᴀᴋᴇ ʙᴇᴛᴛᴇʀ ᴅᴇᴄɪsɪᴏɴs.
Lᴀɴᴅ Usᴇ Pʟᴀɴɴɪɴɢ:
Tʜᴇʏ Mᴀɴᴀɢᴇ ʟᴀɴᴅ ᴜsᴇ ᴘʟᴀɴɴɪɴɢ ɪɴ ᴀ ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄɪᴘᴀᴛᴏʀʏ ᴍᴀɴɴᴇʀ. Aʟʟ sᴇᴄᴛᴏʀᴀʟ ɢʀᴏᴜᴘs, ʟᴀɴᴅᴏᴡɴᴇʀs, ᴘᴜʙʟɪᴄ ɪɴsᴛɪᴛᴜᴛɪᴏɴs, sᴄɪᴇɴᴛɪsᴛs, ғᴀʀᴍᴇʀs, ɪɴᴅᴜsᴛʀʏ, ᴄᴏɴsᴇʀᴠᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ɢʀᴏᴜᴘs, ɪᴍᴍᴇʀsᴇᴅ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇsᴇ ᴛᴇʀʀɪᴛᴏʀɪᴇs ᴄᴀɴ ᴅɪsᴄᴜss ᴄᴏɴғʟɪᴄᴛs ᴀɴᴅ ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴏɴ ɪɴᴛᴇʀᴇsᴛs, ᴀɴᴅ ᴡᴏʀᴋ ᴛᴏɢᴇᴛʜᴇʀ ᴛᴏ ᴄᴏᴏʀᴅɪɴᴀᴛᴇ ᴛʜᴇ sᴇᴀʀᴄʜ ғᴏʀ ᴀ ᴄᴏᴍᴘʀᴇʜᴇɴsɪᴠᴇ ʟᴀɴᴅ ᴍᴀɴᴀɢᴇᴍᴇɴᴛ.
Eᴍᴘᴏᴡᴇʀᴍᴇɴᴛ:
Fᴀᴄɪʟɪᴛᴀᴛᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴇᴍᴘᴏᴡᴇʀᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴏғ ʟᴏᴄᴀʟ ɢᴏᴠᴇʀɴᴍᴇɴᴛs ᴀɴᴅ ғᴀᴄɪʟɪᴛᴀᴛᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴊᴏɪɴᴛ sᴇᴀʀᴄʜ ғᴏʀ sᴏʟᴜᴛɪᴏɴs ᴛᴏ sᴏᴄɪᴀʟ ᴀɴᴅ ᴇɴᴠɪʀᴏɴᴍᴇɴᴛᴀʟ ᴘʀᴏʙʟᴇᴍs.
Exᴘᴇʀɪᴍᴇɴᴛᴀᴛɪᴏɴ:
Tʜᴇʏ ᴀʀᴇ sᴘᴀᴄᴇs ᴡʜᴇʀᴇ sᴜsᴛᴀɪɴᴀʙʟᴇ ᴇᴄᴏɴᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴘʀᴀᴄᴛɪᴄᴇs ᴀʀᴇ ᴅᴇᴠᴇʟᴏᴘᴇᴅ. Tʜᴇʏ ᴀʟʟᴏᴡ ɴᴏᴛ ᴏɴʟʏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘʀᴏᴛᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏғ sᴏɪʟ, ʙᴜᴛ ᴀʟsᴏ ᴏғ ᴡᴀᴛᴇʀ ᴀɴᴅ sᴘᴇᴄɪᴇs ᴏғ ᴡɪʟᴅ ᴘʟᴀɴᴛs ᴀɴᴅ ᴀɴɪᴍᴀʟs, ᴀᴍᴏɴɢ ᴏᴛʜᴇʀs.
Eɴᴠɪʀᴏɴᴍᴇɴᴛᴀʟ Eᴅᴜᴄᴀᴛɪᴏɴ:
Tʜᴇʏ ᴀʀᴇ sɪᴛᴇs ᴛʜᴀᴛ ғᴀᴄɪʟɪᴛᴀᴛᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴡᴀʏ ᴛᴏ ᴋɴᴏᴡ ᴀɴᴅ ʟᴇᴀʀɴ ᴀʙᴏᴜᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅʏɴᴀᴍɪᴄs ᴏғ ɴᴀᴛᴜʀᴀʟ ᴇᴄᴏsʏsᴛᴇᴍs. Aɴᴅ ʜᴇʟᴘ ᴛʜᴇ ʀᴇᴄᴏᴠᴇʀʏ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇsᴇ.
Pʀᴏᴍᴏᴛᴇ ᴘᴇᴀᴄᴇ, ʜᴀʀᴍᴏɴʏ ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ʀᴇsᴄᴜᴇ ᴏғ ᴛʀᴀᴅɪᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴀᴄᴛɪᴠɪᴛɪᴇs.