Importance of physicochemical parameters in water
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Water as a universal solvent has the capability to dissolve many substances including organic and inorganic compounds. The quality of water generally refers to the component of water present at the optimum level for suitable growth of plants and animals. Temperature, turbidity, nutrients, hardness, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, etc. are some of the important factors that determines the growth of living organisms in the water body. The Bibi lake, a natural lake of Vatva taluka, Gujarat, India is completely surrounded by slum area whom discharge their domestic waste directly into the lake water creating environmental hazard. To understand the situation, water samples were collected monthly to analyze different physical and chemical parameters such as temperature, pH, electric conductivity, turbidity, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, etc. The comparison of statistics with the standard values of W.H.O guidelines (1998) revealed the high level of turbidity, total dissolved solids, pH, hardness, alkalinity and phosphate in the water content. The accumulation of these pollutants poses a dangerous threat to both aquatic and human lives.
Keywords
Water pollution; Bibi lake; Gujarat; India; Physicochemical parameters; Freshwater
Introduction
Water as a universal solvent has the capability to dissolve many substances including organic and inorganic compounds. This outstanding property of water can be ascertained to the inconceivability to take in water in its pure form [1]. The quality of water generally refers to the component of water present at the optimum level for suitable growth of plants and animals. Aquatic organisms need a healthy environment to live and adequate nutrients for their growth; the productivity depends on the physicochemical characteristics of the water body [2,3]. The maximum productivity can be obtained only when the physical and chemical parameters are present at optimum level. Water for human consumption must be free from organisms and chemical substances and such large concentrations may affect health [4].
The pollution of water is increased due to human population, industrialization, the use of fertilizers in agriculture and man-made activity. Parameters such as temperature, turbidity, nutrients, hardness, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, etc. are some of the important factors that determines the growth of living organisms in the water body [5]. Hence, water quality assessment involves the analysis of physico-chemical, biological and microbiological parameters that reflect the biotic and abiotic status of the ecosystem [6].
Materials and Methods
Study area
The Bibi lake, a natural lake of Vatva taluka, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, entirely surrounded by slum area and masses from the surrounding area channelize their domestic waste straight into the lake water.
Location: Vatva-Narol road, Vatva, Ahmedabad
Latitude: 22057’38.65” N
Longitude: 72036’37.09” E
Area covered: 11,425 m2
Maintained by: Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation, Govt. of Gujarat.
Selection of sample sites
The water samples were collected from five different points of the lake (Figure 1). The points can be classified into three types,
Inlet point - The feeder region of the lake for domestic animals
2. Centre point - The point which represents the general water quality of the lake
3. Outlet point - The place where the overflows occur
In addition, two points were randomly selected to enhance the sampling procedure.
Keywords
Water pollution; Bibi lake; Gujarat; India; Physicochemical parameters; Freshwater
Introduction
Water as a universal solvent has the capability to dissolve many substances including organic and inorganic compounds. This outstanding property of water can be ascertained to the inconceivability to take in water in its pure form [1]. The quality of water generally refers to the component of water present at the optimum level for suitable growth of plants and animals. Aquatic organisms need a healthy environment to live and adequate nutrients for their growth; the productivity depends on the physicochemical characteristics of the water body [2,3]. The maximum productivity can be obtained only when the physical and chemical parameters are present at optimum level. Water for human consumption must be free from organisms and chemical substances and such large concentrations may affect health [4].
The pollution of water is increased due to human population, industrialization, the use of fertilizers in agriculture and man-made activity. Parameters such as temperature, turbidity, nutrients, hardness, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, etc. are some of the important factors that determines the growth of living organisms in the water body [5]. Hence, water quality assessment involves the analysis of physico-chemical, biological and microbiological parameters that reflect the biotic and abiotic status of the ecosystem [6].
Materials and Methods
Study area
The Bibi lake, a natural lake of Vatva taluka, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, entirely surrounded by slum area and masses from the surrounding area channelize their domestic waste straight into the lake water.
Location: Vatva-Narol road, Vatva, Ahmedabad
Latitude: 22057’38.65” N
Longitude: 72036’37.09” E
Area covered: 11,425 m2
Maintained by: Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation, Govt. of Gujarat.
Selection of sample sites
The water samples were collected from five different points of the lake (Figure 1). The points can be classified into three types,
Inlet point - The feeder region of the lake for domestic animals
2. Centre point - The point which represents the general water quality of the lake
3. Outlet point - The place where the overflows occur
In addition, two points were randomly selected to enhance the sampling procedure.
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