Question

Importance of tissue culture in agriculture

Answer 1

The production of exact copies of plants that produce particularly good flowers, fruits, or have other desirable traits.
To quickly produce mature plants.
The production of multiples of plants in the absence of seeds or necessary pollinators to produce seeds.
The regeneration of whole plants from plant cells that have been genetically modified.
The production of plants in sterile containers that allows them to be moved with greatly reduced chances of transmitting diseases, pests, and pathogens.
The production of plants from seeds that otherwise have very low chances of germinating and growing, i.e.: orchids and Nepenthes.
To clear particular plants of viral and other infections and to quickly multiply these plants as 'cleaned stock' for horticulture and agriculture.

Answer 2

Answer:

Tissue Culture:

The procedure in which a small tissue pieces or organs is removed from a donor plant and cultured aseptically on a nutrient medium is called Tissue Culture. This production is also known as micro propagation technique. The synthetic medium contains all the nutrients and hormones which are required for the growth.

A cell or tissue is transferred into suitable synthetic medium under sterile conditions. The tissue then develops into a fast growing cellular mass called callus. The callus is transferred to another medium for growth and differentiation that forms plantlets. The plantlets can be transplanted into soil or pots where they can be grown to maturity.

Tissue culture technique is being popularly used in agriculture and horticulture. It is used for production of ornamental plants like Orchids, Dahlia and Carnation. Other examples are Banana, Fig, Lemon, Potatoes, etc.

Advantages of tissue culture are:

1. A large number of clones can be produced from a single parent plant.
2. It enables us to select and culture the desirable characteristic traits.
3. It has short production time with long generation time.
4. Reproduction of plants is possible even in the absence of seeds or necessary external pollinators to produce seeds.
5. It frees us from the restrictions of growing plants only in certain seasons.