important facts about sustainable development
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Here are 30 facts about sustainability to help connect the dots:
1. The term sustainability has its most known roots in the 1987 Brundtland Report which officially defined sustainable development for the first time.
2. In 2016 many world leaders adopted the United Nation’s 17 global goals/Sustainable Development Goals to improve life all around the world and preserve the earth’s resources and fight climate change.
3. The concept of circular economy looks beyond societies’ current take-make-dispose model to create a more restorative economy which designs out waste, keeps products and materials in use for as long as possible and regenerates natural systems.
4. Climate change is defined as “a change of climate that is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity, that alters the composition of the global atmosphere, and that is in addition to natural climate variability over a comparable time period.”
5. China is the world’s top polluter emitting 10,357 metric tons of carbon dioxide, followed by the United States, India, Russia and Japan.
6. Mpumalanga province in South Africa has the highest levels of air pollution in the world, in terms of nitrogen dioxide levels, due to a high concentration of coal power plants.
7. Human-caused emissions of carbon dioxide need to fall 45% from 2010 levels by 2030 and reach net-zero around 2050 to limit climate change catastrophe.
8. Energy is the dominant contributor to climate change, accounting for around 60% of total global greenhouse gas emissions.
9. If people worldwide switched to energy efficient light bulbs the world would save 105 billion euros annually.
10. Lighting accounts for 15% of global electricity use. Switching to LEDs will use 90% less energy and last far longer than with the use of incandescent lights.
11. 70% of the world is covered by water, yet only 2.5% of it is fresh and only 1% of it is easily accessible for human use.
12. The right to safe drinking water was first recognized by the UN General Assembly and the Human Rights Council as part of binding international law in 2010.
13. Water use has grown at more than twice the rate of population increase in the last century.
14. The use of water efficient fittings and fixtures has the ability to cut water use in homes by 45%.
15. If the entire world ate like the average American, there would not be enough water in the world to sustain the global population.
16. Plant-rich diets reduce emissions and tend to be healthier, leading to lower rates of chronic disease.
17. Agricultural Emissions could be reduced by as much as 70% by adopting a vegan diet and 63% by adopting a vegetarian diet.
18. Nearly half of the solid waste produced globally is organic or biodegradable.
19. When organic matter is landfilled it decomposes and produces gas methane which is up to 34 times more powerful than carbon dioxide over a century, thus contributing to climate change.
20. When organic matter is composted, organic matter is converted into stable soil carbon, “while retaining water and nutrients of the original waste matter.” This results in carbon sequestration and the production of a high quality fertilizer.
21. Recycling one ton of paper saves 2584l of oil, 26498l of water and 2.5 cubic meters of landfill space.
22. Germany has the best recycling rate in the world followed by Austria, South Korea and Wales.
23. Recycled paper produces about 25% fewer total emissions than conventional paper.
24. Recycling one ton of paper saves 17 trees.
25. The process of Aforestation (creating new forests where there were none) creates a carbon sink. This draws in and holds on to carbon and distributes it into the soil.
26. The production of plastic is largely reliant on fossil hydrocarbons, which are non-renewable resources which contribute to climate change.
27. Plastic bags and Styrofoam containers can take up to thousands of years to decompose leading to marine animal death and the contamination of soil and water.
28. The most common finds during international coastal cleanups are cigarette butts, plastic beverage bottles, plastic bottle caps, food wrappers, plastic grocery bags, plastic lids, straws and stirrers, glass beverage bottles, other kinds of plastic bags, and foam take-away containers.
29. 36 million people live in modern slavery today, many of who are working in the supply chains of Western brands such as that of the fast fashion industry.
30. The world’s indigenous population makes up just 5% of the global population yet protects 80% of global biodiversity.
Answer:
World leaders meet in New York at the end of the month to agree the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the successor to the Millennium Development Goals. But what are they and why do they matter?
This blog is part of a series, in collaboration with the Stockholm Resilience Centre, on the SDGs, where leaders and industry experts assess each of the 17 individual goals.
Here are 10 key facts about the SDGs:
The idea came from the Rio+20 Summit in 2012 – the largest summit in UN history. Columbia and Guatemala proposed goals to follow on from the Millennium Development Goals, set up in 2000 to halve poverty by 2015. Poverty, as measured by living on less than $1.25 a day, has halved. Setting goals works – in a complex world, organizations and countries can align their agendas and prioritize funding.
The new goals are the result of a three year process involving 83 national surveys engaging over 7 million people, making it the biggest consultation in UN history.
Nations finally agreed on a list of 17 goals. Some critics argue that 17 are too many. The goals will not be legally binding, part of a new trend in international policy to prevent endless legal obstructions.
The 35-page United Nations text outlining the post-2015 development agenda is available here. “This agenda is a plan of action for people, planet and prosperity,” it says.
From governance experts to climate researchers, the academic community largely supports the goals. The International Council for Science’s independent assessment of the goals gave them a cautious thumbs up.
Not everyone agrees. The Lancet described the goals as “fairy tales, dressed in the bureaucratese of intergovernmental narcissism, adorned with the robes of multilateral paralysis, and poisoned by the acid of nations state failure”.
This may be true, but it ignores the fact that the goals have been heavily negotiated, so will never be perfect. Instead, they are about values. However, they have broad legitimacy among all parties – which is a big deal.
The concern now is how to make people care about the SDGs. If no one notices them, they won’t attract the attention they need to build momentum. This is a very real issue because the media has largely ignored them to date. British filmmaker Richard Curtis aims to bring the goals to 7 billion people. Part one of the plan has been to work with the Swedish designer Jakob Troll back to rebrand them as the Global Goals and create an army of #goalkeepers.
While the Millennium Development Goals were aimed at poorer countries (more or less), the new goals are designed to be universal. This is a monumental shift in thinking about sustainable development from a worldview where rich nations support poorer nations to develop, towards a view where the actions of all, particularly those in wealthy nations, risk destabilizing important parts of Earth’s life support system – most obviously the climate, the oceans, biodiversity and the forests.
So which country is most likely to complete the goals first? Sweden, according to one report. Norway, Denmark, Finland and Switzerland are close behind.