important notes on human health and diseases
for neet
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Important Notes For NEET Biology -
Human Health and Disease
The human body suffers from many diseases, it can be due to genetic defects, infections or an unhealthy lifestyle.
Diseases can be classified into two types:
Congenital Diseases: Genetic defects present by birth. This may be due to gene mutation, chromosomal aberration or environmental effects. Chromosomal and gene defects are transmitted to the next generation. E.g. Haemophilia, colour blindness, Down syndrome, Turner’s syndrome, etc.
Acquired Diseases: Diseases acquired during a lifetime.
Infectious or communicable disease: transmitted from one person to another
Non-communicable disease: doesn’t spread by infection
Deficiency disease: caused due to deficiency of an important nutrient, enzyme or hormones, e.g. anaemia, kwashiorkor, beriberi, diabetes, etc.
Allergies: hypersensitivity to foreign substances, e.g. pollen, dust mites, etc.