important questions of forests and wildlife.
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Q.1. Write any three measures to conserve ecosystem? [2010 (T-1)]
Ans. Three measures to conserve ecosystem are the following :
(i) Forest should be reserved and more and trees should be planted across the region especially in those areas where deforestation takes place.
(ii) Wildlife must be protected by enacting laws and creating awareness among people.
(iii) Starting various projects to save endangered species of plants and wildlife.
Q.2. Explain any three methods of forest conservation adopted by the government after independence. [2010, 2011 (T-1)]
OR
Mention any three measures take by the governments for protection of wild-life.
Ans. Government has adopted the following methods to conserve forests after independance—
(i) The government has classified the forest into three types—Reserved forest, Protected forests andbn Unclassed forests, making it clear which activity can be carried out in which type of forest.
(ii) To give protection to wildlife, as they fully depend on forests – various acts have been enacted like the Indian wildlife (Protection Act) 1972. Subsequently central and many state governments established national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.
(iii) Government has started various programmes like Van Mahotsava to highlight the importance of forests among people of the country.
Q.3. How many types of forest are classified in India ? Explain it. [2010 (T-1)]
OR
Write briefly about different categories of forests in India classified by government department. [2011 (T-I)]
Ans. Forests are classified under the following categories :-
(i) Reserved Forests :- More than half of the total forests are declared as Reserved forests. They are maintained for the production of timber and other forest produce and for protective reasons.
(ii) Protected Forests :- Almost one-third of the total forest area is Protected forests. This forest land is protected from any further depletion.
(iii) Unclassed Forests :- These are other forests and wastelands belonging to both government and private individuals and communities.
Q.4. Give three reasons why we need to save the biodiversity of our planet?
[2010, 2011 (T-1)]
Ans. We must conserve or save biodiversity of our planet because :—
(i) If forests are not saved, whole wildlife will be under threat; they form an important part of food cycle which will be disturbed.
(ii) Biological loss is directly correlated with the loss of cultural diversity. Such loss marginalised and impoverished many tribal and forest people.
(iii) Women are most affected by loss of biodiversity as in many societies they collect food and fuel, fodder, water etc,.
Q.5. What has been the contribution of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act in protecting habitats in India. Explain. [2010, 2011 (T-1)]
Ans. The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act was implemented in 1972, with various provisions for protecting habitats. An all-India list of protected species was also published. The thrust of the programme was towards protecting the remaining population of certain endangered species by bauring hunting, giving legal protection to their habitats, and restricting trade in wildlife. Subsequently cental and many state governments established national parks and wildlife sanctuaries. The central government also announced several projects for protecting specific animals, which were gravely threatened, including tiger, one-harved rhinceerous, the hangul and three types of crocodiles. Many other wild animals have been given full or partial legal protection against hunting and trade throughout India.
Q.6. Write any three effective practices towards conserving forests and wildlife. [2010 (T-1)]
OR
Describe the methods of forest conservation. [2011 (T-1)]
Ans.
(i) Through setting up of National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries in this way special regions can be declared legally the homes of wild animals. In those areas no hunting or cutting of forest can take place.
(ii) By Launching Specific Projects like Project Tiger etc. In this way important species whose life is in danger can be protected
(iii) Bringing together Communities with government Projects this is the most effective way to conserve forest and wildlife. Chipko movement, Beej Bachao movement and Bishnoi’s love for black buck are some examples.
Q.7. Write a brief note on ‘Project Tiger’. [2010, 2011 (T-1)]
Ans. Project Tiger was launched in 1973. Imitally it was successful , as the tiger population went upto 4,002 in 1985 and 4,334 in 1989. But in 1993, the population of tiger had dropped to 3600. There are 27 tiger reserves in Inida covering an area of 37,761 sq km. Tiger conservation is also a means of preserving biotypes of sizeable magnitaude. Corbett National Park, Sunderbans National Park, Bandhavgarh National Park, Sariska wildlife sanctuary, Manas Tiger Reserve and Periyar Tiger Reserve are some of the tiger reserves of India.
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.
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Ans. Three measures to conserve ecosystem are the following :
(i) Forest should be reserved and more and trees should be planted across the region especially in those areas where deforestation takes place.
(ii) Wildlife must be protected by enacting laws and creating awareness among people.
(iii) Starting various projects to save endangered species of plants and wildlife.
Q.2. Explain any three methods of forest conservation adopted by the government after independence. [2010, 2011 (T-1)]
OR
Mention any three measures take by the governments for protection of wild-life.
Ans. Government has adopted the following methods to conserve forests after independance—
(i) The government has classified the forest into three types—Reserved forest, Protected forests andbn Unclassed forests, making it clear which activity can be carried out in which type of forest.
(ii) To give protection to wildlife, as they fully depend on forests – various acts have been enacted like the Indian wildlife (Protection Act) 1972. Subsequently central and many state governments established national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.
(iii) Government has started various programmes like Van Mahotsava to highlight the importance of forests among people of the country.
Q.3. How many types of forest are classified in India ? Explain it. [2010 (T-1)]
OR
Write briefly about different categories of forests in India classified by government department. [2011 (T-I)]
Ans. Forests are classified under the following categories :-
(i) Reserved Forests :- More than half of the total forests are declared as Reserved forests. They are maintained for the production of timber and other forest produce and for protective reasons.
(ii) Protected Forests :- Almost one-third of the total forest area is Protected forests. This forest land is protected from any further depletion.
(iii) Unclassed Forests :- These are other forests and wastelands belonging to both government and private individuals and communities.
Q.4. Give three reasons why we need to save the biodiversity of our planet?
[2010, 2011 (T-1)]
Ans. We must conserve or save biodiversity of our planet because :—
(i) If forests are not saved, whole wildlife will be under threat; they form an important part of food cycle which will be disturbed.
(ii) Biological loss is directly correlated with the loss of cultural diversity. Such loss marginalised and impoverished many tribal and forest people.
(iii) Women are most affected by loss of biodiversity as in many societies they collect food and fuel, fodder, water etc,.
Q.5. What has been the contribution of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act in protecting habitats in India. Explain. [2010, 2011 (T-1)]
Ans. The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act was implemented in 1972, with various provisions for protecting habitats. An all-India list of protected species was also published. The thrust of the programme was towards protecting the remaining population of certain endangered species by bauring hunting, giving legal protection to their habitats, and restricting trade in wildlife. Subsequently cental and many state governments established national parks and wildlife sanctuaries. The central government also announced several projects for protecting specific animals, which were gravely threatened, including tiger, one-harved rhinceerous, the hangul and three types of crocodiles. Many other wild animals have been given full or partial legal protection against hunting and trade throughout India.
Q.6. Write any three effective practices towards conserving forests and wildlife. [2010 (T-1)]
OR
Describe the methods of forest conservation. [2011 (T-1)]
Ans.
(i) Through setting up of National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries in this way special regions can be declared legally the homes of wild animals. In those areas no hunting or cutting of forest can take place.
(ii) By Launching Specific Projects like Project Tiger etc. In this way important species whose life is in danger can be protected
(iii) Bringing together Communities with government Projects this is the most effective way to conserve forest and wildlife. Chipko movement, Beej Bachao movement and Bishnoi’s love for black buck are some examples.
Q.7. Write a brief note on ‘Project Tiger’. [2010, 2011 (T-1)]
Ans. Project Tiger was launched in 1973. Imitally it was successful , as the tiger population went upto 4,002 in 1985 and 4,334 in 1989. But in 1993, the population of tiger had dropped to 3600. There are 27 tiger reserves in Inida covering an area of 37,761 sq km. Tiger conservation is also a means of preserving biotypes of sizeable magnitaude. Corbett National Park, Sunderbans National Park, Bandhavgarh National Park, Sariska wildlife sanctuary, Manas Tiger Reserve and Periyar Tiger Reserve are some of the tiger reserves of India.
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