In a Harvard architecture, there is no need to make the two memories share characteristics. In particular, the word width, timing, implementation technology, and memory address structure can differ. In some systems, instructions for pre-programmed tasks can be stored in read-only memory while data memory generally requires read-write memory. In some systems, there is much more instruction memory than data memory so instruction addresses are wider than data addresses.
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Harvard architecture has two separate buses for instruction and data. Hence, CPU can access instructions and read/write data at the same time. This is the major advantage of Harvard architecture. In practice Modified Harvard Architecture is used where we have two separate caches (data and instruction).