Question

In [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² [ i.e , for zinc with Z = 30 ] .. if it has to loose 2 electrons then, from which it will loose two electrons ( from 4s² or from 3d¹⁰ )​

Answer 1

Answer:

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Answer 2

Answer:

Since the ion is in gas phase, the answer would be 4s. That implies 4s will loose electron.

Explanation :-

This query can be simply explained by the statement :- The filling of electrons in orbitals depends on orbital energy while removal of electrons depends upon orbital location.

While 4s is of lower energy than 3d, electrons are first filled in 4s but 4s is simultaneously farther to nucleus than 3d which makes removal of electrons easier. that is why electron removal takes place from 4s.

Additional content for IIT-JEE :-

Here, Fe molecule is assumed to be in gas phase. That is why it's configuration is written as [Ar] 4s² 3d⁶ . In gas phase, 4s orbital has lower energy than 3d. But in complex or chemical phase, the scenerio is different.

Pillar's Hypothesis

Pillar's Hypothesis states that if a metal ion of d-orbital is present in complex form or in a chemical environment, the energy of 4s is greater than 3d. And hence, the configuration of Fe in that case would be [Ar] 3d⁸ since 4s is of higher energy in that case.

Explanation: