Question

In diamond each atom is covalently
bonded to four other carbon atom along
four corners of regular tetrahedron .
This pattern extends in 3 dimension

Explain​

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

What is Diamond?

Diamond is a rare, naturally occurring mineral composed of carbon. Each carbon atom in a diamond is surrounded by four other carbon atoms and connected to them by strong covalent bonds - the strongest type of chemical bond. This simple, uniform, tightly-bonded arrangement yields one of the most durable and versatile substances known.

Diamond is the hardest known natural substance. It is also chemically resistant and has the highest thermal conductivity of any natural material. These properties make it suitable for use as a cutting tool and for other uses where durability is required. Diamond also has special optical properties such as a high index of refraction, high dispersion, and high luster. These properties help make diamond the world's most popular gemstone and enable it to be used in specialty lenses where durability and performance are required.

Because diamond is composed of the element carbon, many people believe that it must have formed from coal. This is still taught in many classrooms - but it is not true!

Physical Properties of Diamond

Chemical Classification Native element - Carbon

Color Most diamonds are brown or yellow in color. The jewelry industry has favored colorless diamonds or those that have a color so subtle that it is difficult to notice. Diamonds in vivid hues of red, orange, green, blue, pink, purple, violet, and yellow are extremely rare and sell for high prices. A few white, gray and black diamonds are also cut and used as gems. Most industrial-grade diamonds are brown, yellow, gray, green and black crystals that lack the color and clarity to be a nice gem.

Streak Diamond is harder than a streak plate. Its streak is known as "none" or "colorless"

Luster Adamantine - the highest level of luster for a nonmetallic mineral.

Diaphaneity Transparent, translucent, opaque.

Cleavage Perfect octahedral cleavage in four directions.

Mohs Hardness 10. Diamond is the hardest-known mineral. However, the hardness of diamond is directional. It is hardest parallel to its octahedral planes and softest parallel to its cubic planes.

Specific Gravity 3.4 to 3.6

Diagnostic Properties Hardness, heat conductivity, crystal form, index of refraction, specific gravity and dispersion.

Chemical Composition C (elemental carbon)

Crystal System Isometric

Uses Gemstones, industrial abrasives, diamond windows, speaker domes, heat sinks, low-friction microbearings, wear-resistant parts, dies for wire manufacturing.

Diamond Consumption in the United States

In 2018, imports of diamonds into the United States for consumption totaled about $26 billion. Imports for consumption of all nondiamond gemstones totaled about $2.0 billion. These statistics clearly show that diamond is the most popular gemstone with U.S. consumers by an enormous margin. The United States accounted for about 35% of the world's diamond consumption, making it the leading diamond consumer.

How Do Diamonds Form?

Diamonds are not native to Earth's surface. Instead they form at high temperatures and pressures that occur in Earth's mantle about 100 miles below Earth's surface.

How do diamonds form?

How do diamonds form?

A detailed article that explains the four sources of diamonds found at Earth's surface.

Most of the diamonds that have been discovered were delivered to Earth's surface by deep-source volcanic eruptions. These eruptions begin in the mantle, and on their way up they tear out pieces of mantle rock and deliver them to Earth's surface without melting. These blocks from the mantle are known as xenoliths. They contain diamonds that were formed at the high temperature and pressure conditions of the mantle.

People produce diamonds by mining the rock that contains the xenoliths or by mining the soils and sediments that formed as the diamond-bearing rocks weathered away.

Some diamonds are thought to form in the high-temperature/pressure conditions of subduction zones or asteroid impact sites. Some are delivered to Earth in meteorites. No commercial diamond mines have been developed in deposits with these origins