In Gel Electrophoresis, why does volume of your control have to be the same as your test solution?
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Agarose Gel Electrophoresis
Agarose gel electrophoresis is a method of choice for large molecule separation over 1 million Da. Acrylamide cannot be used for this purpose, because it remains liquid at the concentration required for the appropriate separation of high-molecular-weight analytes. The movement of molecules through an agarose gel is dependent on the size and charge of separated particles, as well as the pore size present in the gel. The observed migration is also affected by the type of electrophoresis buffer, especially its ionic strength. The electrical conductance of the gel is dependent on the presence of various ions, including those present in the sample. Gel polymerization is based on heating the agarose solution (Table 7.1.1) to a temperature higher than 40°C. Polysaccharide is solidified again after cooling to room temperature. Usually, the separation process is positioned horizontally (Fig. 7.1.1). Undoubtedly, major advantages of this particular technique are easy and rapid preparation of the gels and the possibility of high-molecular-weight species fractionation. The combination of agarose gel with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis enabled creation of the genome maps and facilitated the Human Genome Project.