In melting point why is it necessary to place the sample for pulverizing on a clean surface
Answers
The pulverization of electrode material during cycling and an unstable solid-electrolyte interphase may limit the cycle life, especially for the anode materials (Si, Ge, transition metal oxides, etc.). Different from highly conductive or active shells, the stable and robust outer layer is very important.
A double-walled Si–SiOx nanotube (DWSiNT) anode structure was fabricated by Wu et al. (2012) in which the inner wall was active silicon and the outer wall was confining SiOx, which allowed Li ions to pass through (Figure 16.6). During lithiation, Li ions penetrated through the outer wall and reacted with the inner silicon wall which will expand inward into the hollow space. During delithiation, the inner surface of the silicon wall shrank back, while the outer wall of the nanotube was stable with the formation of a small amount of SEI layer. The as-synthesized DWSiNT exhibited excellent electrochemical performance, with no significant capacity fading even after 6000 cycles (Figure 16.6(d) and (e)).
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