Question

In results when an ion or polar molecule is place near an atom or a nonpolar molecule such that the electron distribution is disorted by the force exerted by the said substances?​

Answer 1

Answer:

dipole-dipole interaction

Answer 2

Concept: When an ion or a polar molecule is placed near an atom or a non-polar molecule, it causes a distortion in the electron cloud distribution.

Answer:

• It is due to the electrostatic force of attraction between the cation/positive end of the polar molecule and the electron of the other atom or non-polar molecule, or repulsion between the anion/negative end of the polar molecule and the electron of the other atom or non-polar molecule.

Explanation:

• The charge on the ion or the dipole causes a temporary distortion in the electron cloud distribution and hence induces a temporary partial charge.
• The force exerted by the ion/dipole on the atom/non-polar molecule is the electrostatic force of attraction/repulsion.
• The force of attraction between an induced dipole and an ion is an ion-induced dipole interaction, and between an induced dipole and a polar molecule is a dipole-induced dipole interaction.