in what two ways does the right to equality in sure the Welfare of the schedule caste and Scheduled Tribes
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Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes have been, for centuries, the most neglected, marginalized and exploited people. The scourge of untouchability was a blot on the Indian civilization. Despite the constitutional declaration of its abolition under Article 17 of the Constitution, it persists in many subtle and not so subtle ways. It has been an unmitigated tale of prejudice, discrimination and exploitation. At stake, in the ultimate analysis, is the very integrity and survival of Indian society. Without transforming vertical inequality in society into horizontal equality, democracy will have no meaning. If
Scheduled Tribe Populations in India
q In 1991, close to 68 million people – 8% of India’s population - were classified as belonging to Scheduled Tribes. This is more than the entire population of East Asia (excluding China), and roughly equivalent to the total populations of Canada, Australia, Sweden and Belgium.
q Four states – Madhya Pradesh (15.4 million), Maharashtra (7.32 million), Orissa (7.03 million) and Bihar (6.62 million) – account for almost 50% of India’s Scheduled Tribe population.
q Forty districts in India (Appendix X) account for 50% or more of Scheduled Tribe population. 35 districts have no Scheduled Tribe population.
q Five States/Union Territories - Chandigarh, Delhi Haryana, Pondicherry and Punjab (Appendix VI) - report no Scheduled Tribe populations.
q Scheduled Tribe populations are not a ‘minority’ in all States and Union Territories. The States - Mizoram (95%), Lakshadweep (93%), Nagaland (88%), Meghalaya (86%), Dadra and Nagar Haveli (79%), Arunachal Pradesh (64%), Manipur (34%) and Tripura (31%) - have 30% or more of Scheduled Tribe population.
the law is not in favour of disadvantaged, they will never achieve true equality of opportunity and freedom of choice. The nation’s unity will be at risk. In some form or the other, overt or covert, in many subtle ways, the prejudice against these weaker sections persists. This is perhaps because of the mindset of certain sections of the society. Indeed to refer to the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and other backward classes* as mere ‘sections of society’ is a grave misuse of words. They together constitute the vast and not merely a section. The recurring themes that, unfortunately, have been dominating the debate on reservation is – ‘Could the rights of individual be put at risk in the interest of a disadvantaged group? Does it amount to reverse discrimination? Is it acceptable to require an individual to make the sacrifice? These questions which dominate the debate are greatly misplaced. The injustices heaped on the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes for no reason other than the pure accident of birth have few parallels in the history of civilisation.
Scheduled Tribe Populations in India
q In 1991, close to 68 million people – 8% of India’s population - were classified as belonging to Scheduled Tribes. This is more than the entire population of East Asia (excluding China), and roughly equivalent to the total populations of Canada, Australia, Sweden and Belgium.
q Four states – Madhya Pradesh (15.4 million), Maharashtra (7.32 million), Orissa (7.03 million) and Bihar (6.62 million) – account for almost 50% of India’s Scheduled Tribe population.
q Forty districts in India (Appendix X) account for 50% or more of Scheduled Tribe population. 35 districts have no Scheduled Tribe population.
q Five States/Union Territories - Chandigarh, Delhi Haryana, Pondicherry and Punjab (Appendix VI) - report no Scheduled Tribe populations.
q Scheduled Tribe populations are not a ‘minority’ in all States and Union Territories. The States - Mizoram (95%), Lakshadweep (93%), Nagaland (88%), Meghalaya (86%), Dadra and Nagar Haveli (79%), Arunachal Pradesh (64%), Manipur (34%) and Tripura (31%) - have 30% or more of Scheduled Tribe population.
the law is not in favour of disadvantaged, they will never achieve true equality of opportunity and freedom of choice. The nation’s unity will be at risk. In some form or the other, overt or covert, in many subtle ways, the prejudice against these weaker sections persists. This is perhaps because of the mindset of certain sections of the society. Indeed to refer to the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and other backward classes* as mere ‘sections of society’ is a grave misuse of words. They together constitute the vast and not merely a section. The recurring themes that, unfortunately, have been dominating the debate on reservation is – ‘Could the rights of individual be put at risk in the interest of a disadvantaged group? Does it amount to reverse discrimination? Is it acceptable to require an individual to make the sacrifice? These questions which dominate the debate are greatly misplaced. The injustices heaped on the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes for no reason other than the pure accident of birth have few parallels in the history of civilisation.
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