Question

in what ways are the monuments built during the Sultanate Period different from the earlier period?

Answer 1

• The first major difference between the two is the asthetics of the buildings, starting from the stone used in construction. Delhi sultanate used the local stones, mostly from nearby Aravalis, the Mughals were partial to Red Sandstone, hence the Mughal forts, and buildings look more beautiful ( Humanyun' s Tomb[1], Red Fort both in Delhi and Agra)
• The Mughal buildings also have more intricate Kalamkari work with influences from central Asia and Persia. Compared to the same the Delhi Sultanate buildings are more bland.
• Mughals also built most of their buildings, (though not all) from ground up, while a lot of Delhi Sultanate buildings were used from rubble of the buildings they destroyed. Hence you can clearly see a lot of earlier stones being used in Qutub Complex, that clearly show the remains of earlier temples in them.
• Based on my visit to Qutub Complex recently here are a few more observations. The Delhi Sultanate was the first place a “ True Arch “ was used in India ( at least the one that still survives ) at the tomb of Sultan Balban. At this tomb you can see both the first true arch found in India and the Indian style of making arch that was used in Indian Architecture.

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thanks!!

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Answer 2

Mughal architecture is the type of Indo-Islamic architecture developed by the Mughals in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries throughout the ever-changing extent of their empire in the Indian subcontinent. It developed the styles of earlier Muslim dynasties in India as an amalgam of Islamic, Persian, Turkish and Indian architecture. Mughal buildings have a uniform pattern of structure and character, including large bulbous domes, slender minarets at the corners, massive halls, large vaulted gateways and delicate ornamentation. Examples of the style can be found in India, Afghanistan, Bangladesh and Pakistan.


The Taj Mahal, Agra, is the most recognised structure of Mughal architecture.

Badshahi Masjid, Lahore, Pakistan was the largest mosque in the world for 313 years, and is now the second largest mosque in South Asia

Humayun's Tomb, Delhi.

Jama Masjid, Delhi, the largest mosque in India

Buland Darwaza, Agra was built by Akbar the Great to commemorate his victory

Alamgiri Gate in Lahore Fort, Lahore, Pakistan.

Tomb of Jahangir Lahore.

Gardens of Babur in Kabul, Afghanistan.

Lalbagh Fort in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
The Mughal dynasty was established after the victory of Babur at Panipat in 1526. During his five-year reign, Babur took considerable interest in erecting buildings, though few have survived. His grandson Akbar built widely, and the style developed vigorously during his reign. Among his accomplishments were Agra Fort, the fort-city of Fatehpur Sikri, and the Buland Darwaza. Akbar's son Jahangir commissioned the Shalimar Gardens in Kashmir.

Mughal architecture reached its zenith during the reign of Shah Jahan, who constructed the Taj Mahal, the Jama Masjid, the Red Fort, and the Shalimar Gardens in Lahore. The end of his reign corresponded with the decline of Mughal architecture and the Empire itself.