Question

In what ways did Europeans interact with the rulers of the mughal empire

Answer 1

British entry into India
British East India company originally with a slightly different name (Governor and Company of Merchants of London trading with the East Indies) came into existence with approval from Queen Elizabeth I in 1600. The British East India company had a lot of competition with the Dutch East India company. In 1612, the English king King James I instructed Sir Thomas Roe to visit the Mughal emperor Jahangir for exclusive rights to establish factories and trade. They offered to provide Emperor Jahangir with goods and rarities from the European market. British empire had not been big and influential when the relationship started. So they walked into India buttering the Mughal emperor.
British Empire at that time was a not so significant empire at all, as compared to the French or the Holy Roman emperor. With the Mughal, there was no comparison at all.

Expansion of British East India company under Mughal empire
Later they expanded still under the shadow of the Mughal empire. When Emperor Aurangzeb was upset with some actions of the East India company and threatened to expel them, they apologized. Then after Mughal empire weakened after Aurangzeb, the East India company grew with the Diwani rights and gained political and military control in India

Ending of Mughal empire by the British East India company
Finally in 1857, during the First war of Indian independence, there was direct conflict when the Indian side fought against the British East India company under the leadership of Bahadur Shah Zafar. The British defeated the Indian allies, killed the princes of Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar, exiled him and brought down the Mughal empire.

Answer 2

Answer:

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Explanation:

During the reign of Jahangir, a number of Europeans, like the Portuguese, the British and the Dutch, had began to make their presence felt in India and other countries bordering the Indian Ocean. As their economic interests began to clash, the Portuguese started attacking Mughal ships. To retaliate and put a check on them, Jahangir began to support their rivals, the British and the Dutch.

In 1608 CE, Captain William Hawkins arrived at Surat with a letter from King James I of Great Britain to emperor requesting permission to trade. He stayed at his court for three years as mansabdar. In 1614 CE, Sir Thomas Roe was sent by James I as the British ambassador to the court of Jahangir. He stayed on till 1618 CE, he received liberal trade concessions for the British. They were allowed to set up a factory at Surat. Sir Thomas Roe laid the foundation for the British East India Company’s trade.