Question

in which of the following cases no. of hydrogen atom is more
a)0.30 mole of NH3
b)0.35 mole of NHO3​

Answer 1

Explanation:

We mentioned in the study section of Lecture 2 that hydrogen and oxygen combine in the ratio of 1 to 8, but that this is not enough information for leading to the conclusion that two hydrogen atoms combine with one of oxygen to form a water molecule. A key idea is attributed to Avagadro who said that equal volumes of gas (at the same temperature and pressure) contain equal numbers of constituent atoms or molecules. Experiments show that two liters of hydrogen gas will combine with one liter of oxygen gas to form two liters of water vapor. Each hydrogen molecule in hydrogen gas consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded together. Likewise, two oxygen atoms bind to make a oxygen molecule.

Consider two liter containers with hydrogen gas molecules labelled A and B, respectively. Liter container C contains oxygen gas molecules. Now, consider this ideal experiment. Take one oxygen molecule, break it apart into its two constituent oxygen atoms, and then use one of these oxygen atoms to combine with two hydrogen atoms in a single hydrogen molecule in container A, and the second oxygen atom with another hydrogen molecule in container B. Now do the same for all the rest of the oxygens and the rest of the hydrogens. All of the oxygen and all of the hydrogen will be used. Since we started with two liter containers of hydrogen, the oxygen atoms placed in containers A and B will now be paired with two hydrogen atoms each forming the same number of water molecules as the original number of hydrogen molecules in each container.

Chapter 7 gives a slighly more complex example. One liter of nitrogen gas molecules combine with three liters of hydrogen gas molecules to form two liters of ammonium gas molecules. Here's the arithmetic in this case: Nitrogen atoms are 14 times as massive as hydrogen. A nitrogen molecule is two atoms bound together, so its mass is 2x14=28 units. Similarly, each hydrogen atom is 2x1=2 units, but three liters of hydrogen combine completely with one of nitrogen. Hence, there are 3x2=6 units of hydrogen combining with the 28 units of nitrogen to make 34 units. Ammonium is a molecule consisting of three hydrogen atoms and one nitrogen atom. Its mass must be 14 units of nitrogen plus three units of hydrogen, or 17 units. Since two liters of ammonium are produced, 2x17=34 units of ammonium are produced from a single nitrogen molecule combining with three hydrogen molecules

Answer 2

Answer:

b) is correct answer

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