Question

In which of the following pairs, the ions are
isoelectronic ?
(a) Na+, Mg2+
(b) A13+, 0
(c) Na+, 02-
(d) N3-, Cl-​

Answer 1

Answer:

option a and c is right. When Na+=10 electron ,

Mg2+= 10 electron

In option c) Na+= 10 electron and O2-=10 electron .

Isoelectronic means elements have same number of electron .

Answer 2

$Na^+$ and $Mg^{2+}$ are isoelectronic

$Na^+$ and $O^{2-}$ are isoelectronic

Explanation:

Isoelectronic molecules are defined as the molecules which have the same electronic structure and have the same number of valence electrons.

In the calculation, the positive charge is subtracted from the total number of electrons and negative charge is added to the total number of electrons.

a) $Na^+$ and $Mg^{2+}$

$[Mg]:12:1s^22s^22p^63s^2$

$[Mg^{2+}]:10:1:1s^22s^22p^63s^0$

$[Na]:11:1s^22s^22p^63s^1$

$[Na^{+}]:10:1s^22s^22p^63s^0$

b) $Al^{3+}$ and $O^{2-}$

$[Al]:13:1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^1$

$[Al^{3+}]:10:1:1s^22s^22p^63s^0$

$[O]:8:1s^22s^22p^4$

$[O^{2-}]:10:1s^22s^22p^6$

c) $Na^+$ and $O^{2-}$

$[Na]:11:1s^22s^22p^63s^1$

$[Na^{+}]:10:1s^22s^22p^63s^0$

$[O]:8:1s^22s^22p^4$

$[O^{2-}]:10:1s^22s^22p^6$

d) $N^{3-}$ and $Cl^{-}$

$[N]:7:1s^22s^22p^3$

$[N^{3-}]:10:1:1s^22s^22p^6$

$[Cl]:17:1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^5$

$[Cl^{-}]:18:1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^6$

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