Question

Increasing order of boiling points of functional groups

Answer 1

Answer:

Figuring out the order of boiling points is all about understanding trends. The key thing to consider here is that boiling points reflect the strength of forces between molecules. The more they stick together, the more energy it will take to blast them into the atmosphere as gases.

Principle: The greater the forces of attraction the higher the boiling point or the greater the polarity the higher the boiling point.

There are 3 important trends to consider:-

The relative strength of the four intermolecular forces is: Ionic > Hydrogen bonding > dipole dipole > Van der Waals dispersion forces. The influence of each of these attractive forces will depend on the functional groups present.

Boiling points increase as the number of carbons is increased.

Branching decreases boiling point.

Some Boiling points for Functional Groups: (* -Represents- Degree)

Amide-222* C

Acid-118*C

Alcohol-117*C

Ketone-49*C

Aldehyde-49*C

Amine-49*C

Ester-32*C

Ether-11*C

Alkane- -42*C

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