indain economy at the eve of independence
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The Indian economy was an agro-based economy on the eve of independence. 75% of the Indian population was earning a livelihood from agriculture. Despite being a primary source of income for a major population, this sector faced decline under British rule.
Agricultural Sector on the Eve of Independence
India’s agricultural sector (on the eve of independence) exhibited three principal characteristics, these characteristics pointed to backwardness of India’s agriculture as well as its stagnation
Low level of productivity
High degree of vulnerability
A wedge between owners of the soil and tillers of the soil.
Factors causing backwardness and stagnation of Indian agriculture during the British rule
Land revenue settlement under the British Raj
Forced commercialisation of agriculture
Industrial Sector
“Systematic de-industrialisation” is the term that describes the status of industrial sector during the British rule. It implied two things
Decay of world famous traditional handicraft industry owing to discriminatory policies of the British Government.
Bleak growth of modern industry now to lack of investment opportunities.
Two-fold motive behind the systematic .(industrialisation during the British Rule in India.
To exploit India’s wealth of raw material and primary products. It was required to fulfill the emerging needs of industrial inputs in the wake of industrial revolution in Britain.
To exploit India as a potential market for the industrial products of Britain.
Foreign Trade India had occupied a place of eminence in the area of Foreign trade, since ancient times. But the British rule in India ended this eminence.