'India is a country of Physical diversity' . Compare the physical features of a state situated in northern region of India with a state of southern region.
Answers
Explanation:
The physical features of India can be grouped
under the following physiographic divisions
(Figure 2.2):
PHYSICAL FEATURES OF INDIA
(1) The Himalayan Mountains
(2) The Northern Plains
(3) The Peninsular Plateau
(4) The Indian Desert
(5) The Coastal Plains
(6) The Islands
The Himalayan Mountains
The Himalayas, geologically young and
structurally fold mountains stretch over the
northern borders of India. These mountain
ranges run in a west-east direction from the
Indus to the Brahmaputra. The Himalayas
represent the loftiest and one of the most
rugged mountain barriers of the world. They
form an arc, which covers a distance of about
2,400 Km. Their width varies from 400 Km in
Kashmir to 150 Km in Arunachal Pradesh. The
l variations are greater in the eastern
half than those in the western half. The
Himalaya consists of three parallel ranges in
its longitudinal extent. A number of valleys lie
between these ranges. The northern-most
range is known as the Great or Inner
Himalayas or the Himadri. It is the most
continuous range consisting of the loftiest
peaks with an average height of
6,000 metres. It contains all Highest Peaks of the Himalayas
Peak Country Height
in metres
Mt. Everest Mandhata Nepal 7728
The folds of the Great Himalayas are
asymmetrical in nature. The core of this part
of Himalayas is composed of granite. It is
perennially snow bound, and a number of
glaciers descend from this range.
Figure 2.1 : Himalayas
The range lying to the south of the
Himadri forms the most rugged mountain
system and is known as Himachal or lesser
Himalaya. The ranges are mainly composed
of highly compressed and altered rocks. The
altitude varies between 3,700 and 4,500
metres and the average width is of 50 Km.
While the Pir Panjal range forms the longest
and the most important range, the Dhaula
Dhar and the Mahabharat ranges are also
prominent ones. This range consists of the
famous valley of Kashmir, the Kangra and
Kullu Valley in Himachal Pradesh. This
region is well-known for its hill stations.
• The names of the glaciers and passes
that lie in the Great Himalayas.
• The name of the states where the highest
peaks are located.
• Location of Mussoorie, Nainital,
Ranikhet from your atlas and also name the state
where they are located.
The outer-most range of the Himalayas is
called the Shiwalik S. They extend over a width0-50 Km and have an altitude varying
between 900 and 1100 metres. These ranges
are composed of unconsolidated sediments
brought down by rivers from the main
Himalayan ranges located farther north.
These valleys are covered with thick
gravel and alluvium. The longitudinal valley
lying between lesser Himalaya and the
Shiwalik S are known as Duns. Dehra Dun,
Kotli Dun and Patli Dun are some of the
well-known Duns.
Besides the longitudinal divisions, the
Himalayas have been divided on the basis of
regions from west to east. These divisions
have been demarcated by river valleys. For
example, the part of Himalayas lying between
Indus and Satluj has been traditionally
known as Punjab Himalaya but it is also
known regionally as Kashmir and Himachal
Himalaya from west to east respectively. The
part of the Himalayas lying between Satluj
and Kali rivers is known as Kumaon
Himalayas. The Kali and Teesta rivers
demarcate the Nepal Himalayas and the part
lying between Teesta and rivers is
known as Assam Himalayas. There are
regional names also in these Northern Plain
The northern plain has been formed by the
interplay of the three major river systems,
namely — the Indus, the Ganga and the
Brahmaputra along with their tributaries. This
plain is formed of alluvial soil. The deposition
of alluvium in a vast basin lying at the foothills
of the Himalaya over millions of years, formed
this fertile plain. It spreads over an area of 7
lakh sq. km. The plain being about 2400 km
long and 240 to 320 km broad, is a densely
populated physiographic division. With a rich
soil cover combined with adequate water
supply and favourable climate it is
agriculturally a productive part of India.
Figure 2.5 : The Northern Plains
The rivers coming from northern
mountains are involved in depositional work.
In the lower course, due to gentle slope, the
velocity of the river decreases, which results in
the formation of riverine islands.
‘Doab’ is made up of two words
— ‘do’ meaning two and ‘ab’ meaning water. Similarly
‘Punjab’, is also made up two words — ‘Punjab
Answer:
The Himalayas, a geologically young and structurally folded mountain range, span the northern borders of India.
Explanation:
The Himalayas, a geologically young and structurally folded mountain range, span the northern borders of India. These mountain ranges extend in a west-east direction from the Indus to the Brahmaputra. The Himalayas represent the highest and steepest mountain ranges in the world. .'India is a land of physical diversity.' Compare the physical characteristics of a state in the northern region of India with a state in the southern region. They form an arc with a distance of about km, their range varies from 400 km in Kashmir to 150 km in Arunachal Pradesh. The fluctuations are smaller in the eastern half than in the western half. The Himalayas are made up of three mountain ranges that are similar in length. "India is a land of physical diversity. "Compare the physical characteristics of a state in the northern region of India with a state in the southern region. Several caves fall between these rows. an average height of meters. Contains all the highest peaks in the Himalayas
On an outline map of India, show the major physical features of the Indian subcontinent.
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"The diverse physical features of India have immense future possibilities of development".
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