Physics, asked by sanwi17062006, 1 year ago

Inside parts name of a battery cell

Explain with diagram....

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Answered by Anonymous
14
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❤️Learning Objective❤️

Discuss the operational components of a dry cell battery and their principal benefits

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⏭️A battery contains electrochemical cells that can store chemical energy to be converted to electrical energy.
A dry-cell battery stores energy in an immobilized electrolyte paste, which minimizes the need for water.
Common examples of dry-cell batteries include zinc-carbon batteries and alkaline batteries.

❤️Terms❤️

⏭️electrolyteA substance that, in solution or when molten, ionizes and conducts electricity.
cathodeThe electrode of an electrochemical cell at which reduction occurs.
anodeThe electrode of an electrochemical cell at which oxidation occurs.

❤️Defining a Dry Cell❤️

⏭️In electricity, a battery is a device consisting of one or more electrochemical cells that convert stored chemical energy into electrical energy. The dry cell is one of many general types of electrochemical cells.

⏭️A dry cell has the electrolyte immobilized as a paste, with only enough moisture in it to allow current to flow. Unlike a wet cell, a dry cell can operate in any orientation without spilling, as it contains no free liquid. This versatility makes it suitable for portable equipment. By comparison, the first wet-cell batteries were typically fragile glass containers with lead rods hanging from an open top. They, therefore, needed careful handling to avoid spillage. The development of the dry-cell battery allowed for a major advance in battery safety and portability.
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⏭️A common dry-cell battery is the zinc-carbon battery, which uses a cell that is sometimes called the Leclanché cell. The cell is made up of an outer zinc container, which acts as the anode. The cathode is a central carbon rod, surrounded by a mixture of carbon and manganese(IV) dioxide (MnO2). The electrolyte is a paste of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl). A fibrous fabric separates the two electrodes, and a brass pin in the center of the cell conducts electricity to the outside circuit.
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⏭️A zinc-carbon dry-cell batteryAn illustration of a zinc-carbon dry cell. In it, a zinc casing acts as the anode, surrounding a carbon rod, which acts as a cathode. Between them, the electrolyte paste works as the battery.
Chemical reactions occur in every part of the battery to allow for energy storage; the reactions can be described using balanced chemical equations that delineate the electron flow. The paste of ammonium chloride reacts according to the following half-reaction:

[latex]2NH_4 (aq) + 2e^- \rightarrow 2NH_3 (g) + H_2 (g)[/latex]

⏭️The manganese(IV) oxide in the cell removes the hydrogen produced by the ammonium chloride, according to the following reaction:

[latex]2MnO_2 (s) + H_2 (g) \rightarrow Mn_2O_3 (s) + H_2O (l)[/latex]

⏭️The combined result of these two reactions takes place at the cathode. Adding these two reactions together, we get:

[latex]2NH_4 (aq) + 2MnO_2 (s) +2e^ \rightarrow Mn_2O_3 (s) + 2NH_3 (g) + H_2O (l)[/latex]

Finally, the anode half-reaction is as follows:

[latex]Zn (s) \rightarrow Zn^{2+} + 2e^-[/latex]

Therefore, the overall equation for the cell is:

[latex]Zn (s) + 2MnO_2 (s) + 2NH_4 (aq) \rightarrow Mn_2O_3 (s) + H_2O (l) + Zn_2 + 2NH_3 (g)[/latex]

The potential for the above reaction is 1.50 V.

⏭️Another example of a dry-cell battery is the alkaline battery. Alkaline batteries are almost the same as zinc-carbon batteries, except that the electrolyte used is potassium hydroxide (KOH) rather than ammonium chloride. In some more modern types of so-called “high-power” batteries that have a much lower capacity than standard alkaline batteries, the ammonium chloride is replaced by zinc chloride.
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Answered by deepsen640
1
some one had answered you can see it
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