Question

ionization potential of Mg and p are higher than their neighbours. why?​

Answer 1

Explanation:

The second ionization energy of any element will be higher than its first ionization energy in the way that the first electron is being removed from a neutral atom and the 2nd electron is being removed from a positively charged ion that is already electron deficient, as already 1 electron is being removed so the effective nuclear charge will definitely going to increase , which causes a strong attraction between the nucleus and the outermost electron. So the second ionization energy is higher than that of first ionization energy of an element.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Magnesium carries a total of 2 electrons in its most outer sub-shell in its electronic configuration, they feel a force of attraction to the nucleus where the positive charges are, that attractive force is pulling on the 2 (3s) electrons. When Magnesium ionizes to Mg+ (from 3s²to 3s¹) not the attractive force is stronger on that 1 electron.

And same does happen in phosphorus, each s subshell holds at most 2 electrons. Each p subshell holds at most 6 electrons. Sulfurs its neighbor has 3p subshell has a pair of electrons in one of its orbitals, whereas, in the 3p subshell of phosphorus, there are no electron pairs in any of its orbitals, therefore it is easier to remove the electron from sulfurs 3p since the presence of an electron pair in one of its orbitals leads to increased repulsion, making it easier to remove and thus giving it lower ionization energy.

Therefore, Mg and P have higher ionization potential than their neighbors.