Question

iv. If the angle of deviation is right angle then
a) Zi, Zr and Za are acute angles
b) Zi​

Answer 1

Answer:

yes

Explanation:

problems of particle density distribution and energy dissipation in a central field and of shielding of Coulomb charges are reviewed, for the cases of local thermodynamic equilibrium (Case A), and of free orbital motion (Case B). Formulae for the application to electrostatic fields in plasmas, as well as to gravitational and other unipolar fields, are derived. The screening length for finite size and moving bodies is derived; according to circumstances, it may greatly differ from the “classical” Debye length. The validity of the reciprocity between the Maxwellian velocity distribution and the barometric density formula is examined.