Write a paragraph in your own words on each of the following.
(a) Preparation of soil
(b) Sowing
(c) Weeding
(d) Threshing
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Answers
Answer:
Preparation of soil: The preparation of soil is the first step before growing a crop. One of the most important tasks in agriculture is to turn the soil and loosen it. This allows the roots to penetrate deep into the soil. The loosened soil helps in the growth of earthworms and microbes present in the soil.
(b) Sowing: Sowing is an important part of crop production. Before sowing, good quality, clean and healthy seeds of a good variety are selected. Farmers prefer to use seeds which give high yield. The process of putting seeds into the soil is called sowing. The tool used traditionally for sowing seeds is funnel-shaped. Nowadays a seed drill is used for sowing with the help of tractors. This tool sows the seeds uniformly at a proper distance and depth.
(c) Weeding: Some undesirable plants grow along with a crop. These unwanted plants are called weeds. The process of removing these unwanted plants is called weeding.
(d) Threshing: The process of separating grain seeds from the chaff is called threshing.
Explanation:
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Answer:
(a) preparation of soil- Soil anchors the roots of plants, provides nutrients and water to the , and also provides oxygen to roots. The microbes and other organisms, such as earthworm in the soil, help to keep it fertile. It involves loosening and turning it. This has the following advantages:
• Loose soil has a lot of air trapped in it, which is used by the roots to breathe easily.
• Loose soil allows the roots to penetrate deeper, thus securing the plant more firmly.
• Loose soil helps the growth of earthworms and microbes in the soil. They provide nutrients to the soil and aid in further loosening of the soil.
• Turning and loosening of soil brings nutrient-rich soil to the top. plants can then absorb these nutrients more efficiently.
• Loose soil mixes more uniformly with fertilizers.
(b) Sowing- once the soil is prepared, seeds are sown in it.
while sowing, the following points need to be kept in mind:
• Seed should be of good quality, healthy and free from diseases.
• They most be planted at the proper depth in the soil. If planted deep in the soil, they cannot respire, and their shoots may not be able to push through the soil. If planted on the surface, they will be eaten by birds.
(c) Weeding- weeds are unwanted plants that grow along with the crops. They compete with the crops for water, minerals and sunlight and, therefore, reduce crop yield.
(d) Threshing- the process of seprating grains from the cut crops. Threshing can be done manually by making oxen or buffaloes trample over the cut crop.
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