Question

JOURNEY OF COTTON FROM FIELD TO FABRIC Make a PowerPoint presentation on cotton textile history of India. Trace the history of cotton industries in India. Note: Include the following points: Introduction Characteristics Favourable factors affecting the growth of cotton (state any 3). On the political map of India mark any three states where cotton is grown.

Answer 1

Explanation:

storms and thunder

productions development

work efficiently

Answer 2

Cotton is the most commonly used raw material for fabric in the world

Explanation:

• Once the cotton is picked & packed, it moved to the gin. Cotton gins purify, clean, & remove seeds from cotton fibre, leaving a pile of waste & the raw materials to spin textiles.
• The raw cotton fibre is run through a carding machine that  further purifies & cleans the fibre & lines them up into 2/3 soft, straight ropes known as slivers. Then the slivers are put into a "spinning frame"  that rotates the fiber pretty quickly and turns it into cotton yarn. The thread then is put into a machine loom. The looms then weave the cotton yarn into sheets of cloth, called gray goods, which are shipped to textile manufacturing units to be dyed, bleached, or finished.
• After the cotton is spun into the cloth, it is loaded on airplanes, boats, trucks and freight ships and is shipped to fabric finishing plants. That is when the fabric starts to taken on a recognisable form. There are several finishing techniques, many of which improve the roughness and make the finished fabric more useful & appealing.
• The process starts with a final round of purification and cleaning, which comprise Singing (The unfinished cloth is heated to extract the surface fibers of the cloth and to smooth the material),  Desizing (acid &enzyme washes are used to break down huge pieces of unfinished cloth and make them manageable), Scouring (unfinished cloth is cleaned with chemical washes so as to remove any remaining plant wax & seed fragments) , Bleaching  ( to remove off colours from the cloth, & get it as white as possible ) & Mercerization ( alkaline soda is applied to the cloth that makes the fibres swell up, to feel softerand look more lustrous).
• The processed cotton will then be colored, depending on what the finished product is. There are two common methods to add color to a tissue — printing & dyeing. Cotton easily picks pigments, so adding a variety of colors to the cloth is simple. The cotton is usually soaked,  in a vat of dye for some time, and is   rinsed and dried for a while A procedure called AirDye is used by some environmental conscious farmers and which does not require water. Cotton fabric may also be block printed or screened  with any design its producer can imagine.
• Once the cotton is "prepped and dyed",  it is ready for the final phases of the process. A variety of mechanical and chemical methods are used to extract the desired texture and characteristics from the fabric. A machine with numerous sharp,  tiny teeth runs over the cloth so as to pluck surface fibre (a process known as raising), thus adding warmth & fuzziness to the final product.
• The fabric switches between different forms of heated rollers (a process known as calendering) in order to achieve the desired texture. Chemical treatments can add flame-retardant, wrinkle-resistant, & anti-microbial properties to the cloth (a process known as chemical finishing). Sanforization is  process for cotton that pre-shrinks and ensures garments do not come out of the dryer 1/2 their original size.
• Once the cloth is finished to specifications, it is shipped to the garment factories where it is "cut, sewn, and turned into" cotton t-shirt.

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