LAnswer the following in one word/sentence -1 mark each
Q1. Which Dynasty ruled France before the French Revolution?
Q2. What did Bastille Symbolize?
Q3. ASSERTION: Democracy does not provide a method to deal with conflicts and differences
REASON: In any society people are bound to have difference of opinion.
a. Both A and R are correct and Ris the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
d. A is false but R is true
Q4. What was the Legal Frame Work Order?
Q5. List the 2 drawbacks of Green Revolution.
II.Answer the following in not more than 80 words- 3 marks each
Q1. What was the Subsistence crises?
Q2. What dirty tricks were used by PRI to win elections in Mexico?
Q3. What were the problems faced by the women before the French revolution? What steps
were taken for their improvement?
Q4 Define Capital? What are the different types of Capital used for production?
Q5. Discuss 3 arguments in favour of democracy
III.Answer the following in not more that 100 to 120 words. 5 marks each
Q1. Why was the rule of Maximillian Robespierre called the Reign of Terror?
Q2. What were the changes introduced in the constitution of 1791 in the political system of
France.
Q3. How did Robert Mugabe manage to remain in power for a long time?
Answers
Answer:
ans1: The house of Bourbon , also is a European royal house of French origin, ruled France before the french revolution .
ans2: Bastille symbolized the despotic power of the king of france who was louis XVI.
ans3: - (d) A is false but R is true .
ans4: The legal framework order was intiated in 2002( august) by general purvez musharaf in pakistan . according to this the president held the power to dissolve the constitutional and provincial assemblies. and the civilian cabinet was supervised by military officers .
ans5:A significant disadvantage to the green revolution is how it diminishes easy political control. Controlling and suppressing a half-starved population that’s familiar with famines, death by starvation, famine-driven riots/violence, and the diminished energy/cognition/rebelliousness is much easier and a classic tool of dictators and oligarchies
ans1: Subsistence crisis can be defined as an extreme situation where the basic means of livelihood are endangered. In France, due to the rapid expansion of the population from 23 million in 1715 to 28 million in 1789, a subsistence crisis occurred. A subsistence crisis is a crisis caused by economic factors (generally high food prices), and which in turn may be caused by either natural or man-made factors.
ans2: The PRI or institutional revolutionary party used malpractices in order to win the elections such as:
1. all the members of the government were required to attend the party's meeting
2.teachers in government schools used to pressurize parents to vote for PRI
3. Polling booths were shifted at the last moment so people would find it difficult to caste their votes .
4. they used a large sum of money in their campaigns
ans3: The problems the women faced before the french revolution were:
1. Third Estate women worked as seamstresses or laundresses, solds flowers, fruits and vegetables and worked as domestic servants.
2.
They did not have access to education.
3.They took care of their family, cook, fetch water and queue up for bread.
4.
Their wages were lower than those of men.
Steps taken for their improvement were :
1.Women clubs formed like ‘Society of Revolutionary’ and ‘Republican Women’ to bring about changes in the position of women.
2. Olympe de gauges Protested against the constitution and declaration of rights of man and citizen.
She wrote declaration of rights of women and citizen addressed to the Queen and
National Assembly.
ans4: Capital is a term for financial assets, such as funds held in deposit accounts. While money is used to purchase goods and services for consumption, capital is more durable and is used to generate wealth through investment.
The different types of capital used for production are :
1. Physical Capital- the variety of inputs required at every stage during production. THERE ARE 2 TYPES OF PHYSICAL CAPITAL:
(A) fixed capital
(B) working capital
2. Human capital: The knowledge and enterprise to be able to put together land, labour and physical capital and produce an output either to use yourself or to sell in the market.
ans5: 1. A democratic government is a better government because it is a more accountable form of government.
2. Democracy improves the quality of decision making and reduces the chances of rash or irresponsible decisions taken.
3. Democracy provides a method to deal with differences and conflicts.
4. Democracy enhances the dignity of citizens.
ans1: Maximilian Robespierre was the leader of Jacobins club which led a successful revolt and came to power. The period from 1793 to 1794 was know as "Reign of terror".
This was because Maximilian Robespierre followed a policy of severe control and punishment. Ex-nobles, clergy, members of other political parties and members of his own party who did not agree with him were arrested and imprisoned.
ans2: The National Assembly completed the draft of the constitution in
1791. Its main object was to limit the powers of the monarch. These
powers instead of being concentrated in the hands of one person,
were now separated and assigned to different institutions ñ the
legislature, executive and judiciary. This made France a constitutional
monarchy.
The Constitution of 1791 vested the power to make laws in the
National Assembly, which was indirectly elected. That is, citizens
voted for a group of electors, who in turn chose the Assembly. Not
all citizens, however, had the right to vote.
ans3: President Robert Mugabe was popular but also uses unfair practices in elections. Over the years his government has
changed the constitution several times to increase the powers of the President and make him less accountable. Opposition party workers are harassed and their meeting disrupted. Public protests and demonstrations against the government are declared illegal. There is a law that limits the right
to criticise the President. Television and radio are controlled by the government and give only the ruling party’s version.
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