list of the function of local government of your resident
Answers
A local government is a form of public administration which, in a majority of contexts, exists as the lowest tier of administration within a given state. The term is used to contrast with offices at state level, which are referred to as the central government, national government, or (where appropriate) federal government and also to supranational government which deals with governing institutions between states. Local governments generally act within powers delegated to them by legislation or directives of the higher level of government.
Overview of Local Government
The concept of local government is deeply rooted in out national heritage. Small
communities were the beginnings of the United States. Throughout history Americans
have maintained strong support for local self-government, while remaining largely
uniformed about what local government is, how it is funded, and how it impacts their lives.
Local governments can be more responsive to citizens than state and federal government,
but the limitations are that local units need the cooperation of other entities to deal
effectively with bigger issues such as transportation and pollution.
There are four main types of local government- counties, municipalities (cities
and town), special districts, and school districts. Counties are the largest units of local
government, numbering about 8,000 nationwide. They provide many of the same services
provided by cities.
Municipalities include cities, villages, and boroughs and they number about 19,000
in the United States. Often called city government, municipalities provide services such as
police and fire protection, parks and recreation, streets and sewers, among others.
Most of the more than 15,000 school districts in the U.S. operate independently of
city government. New York City and a few other communities in the Northeast operate
their own public school systems.
The 33,000 special districts nationwide are organized to provide one or more
services such as water and sanitation, mosquito control, transportation, parks and
recreation, flood control, etc. Special districts have the authority to levy taxes and to spend
public money.
Local governments serve three primary functions- health and safety, welfare and
housekeeping. In the area of health and safety, local governments are responsible for
police and fire protection, immunizations for contagious diseases, hospital services, local
roads, garbage collection, and safe drinking water. Sanitation, housing, and air and water
pollution are also under local jurisdiction.
In the area of welfare, education is the largest expense. However, libraries,
museums, parks, recreational facilities and mass transit also fall under local control. In
some communities public housing and economic development may also be a function of
one of the local governments.
Housekeeping functions include keeping records of births, deaths, marriages, and
property transfers. Collecting taxes and administering elections are also local government
responsibilities.
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