list out the main reasons for shortage of electricity in India
Answers
Some major problems faced by Indian Electric Sector are-
Gap between Generation and demand. India has a large gap between the demand and supply. Specially at the time of peak load in summer season of northern region. Actually the overdrawn of power by this region leads to blackout in 2012.
High losses in power systems. These losses include Technical Losses i.e. T&D (transmission and distribution) losses, and Commercial losses due to theft and improper meter reading in mostly rural areas. Transmission and distribution losses in system have been around 20 % as reported by various electricity boards. However Utilities like Tata power in Delhi having transmission losses approx 1 % are doing very well.
Lack of latest Technology. Most of the houses in rural areas are still having Electro-mechanical meters. Automated meter reading Infrastructure(AMR/AMI) are not used at very large scale. Smart sensors and Smart micogrids are bounded to books and journals only. FACTS devices are also not implemented at full scale.
You will never find any earthing wiring/fitting for home appliances in any house of rural area.
Very less focus on Energy mix with Renewable (RES). When most of the electricity demand of countries like Denmark, Norway comes from Renewable energy resources for a very long time, Indian government allows the offshore wing plants recently. With this example you can realize how far we have to go to match the developed nations.
Lack of Demand Side Management (DSM) Strategies. We hardly know about well known organisations offering DSM and Energy Management Systems (EMS) to improve efficiency of system.
Power quality Issues. Quality of power is also a big issue in Indian power sector. Recently the changes of frequency regulation limits are good sign of improvement.
And many more Problems Like Inefficient power plants like Khedar and Jharli thermal plants in Haryana. Most of the time these plants remain off and haryana govt keep buying power from Gujarat. No future plans fro EVs- Electrical Vehicles.
Gap between Generation and demand. India has a large gap between the demand and supply. Specially at the time of peak load in summer season of northern region. Actually the overdrawn of power by this region leads to blackout in 2012