Question

List out the major changes happened after British established their rule in India.classify them as advantages and disadvantages.​

Answer 1

The major changes happened after British established their rule in India

Explanation:

Political Impact

• "Subsidiary Alliance & Doctrine of Lapse" has resulted in the incorporation of several sovereign realms to the British Empire. Not just the Indian rulers, but those who relied on them as warriors, skilled civilians, & even nobles, were influenced by the annexation policy.
• Even the traditional scholarly & priestly classes had lost their privileges to the chieftains, kings, zamindars, & nobles, & were thus impoverished. And no single Indian force could resist or battle the British in the middle of the 19th century. That was the greatest downfall

Economic Impact

• The garment (textile) industry has seen considerable development since the introduction of industrialisation in Britain. The course of trade in textiles between England and India has now been reversed. Machinery clothes from English factories were exported dramatically to Indian markets. Imports of vast volumes of items manufactured by mechanical weavers from England contributed to a larger challenge to the handicraft industry, as British goods were sold at a slightly cheaper price (Disadvantage). The main goal of the British Govt was to make India a consumer of British goods.
• Textile, metal, glass and paper manufacturers were all out of operation fast. In the year 1813, local and international markets in Indian art were lost. Indian exports could not compete with British for finished goods. (Disadvantage)Now, by means of war and imperialism, Britain had conquered and monopolised these markets. India was the exporter of these goods.
• The Indians, the traders, the Zamdar people and even the common people were forced to give money to the British. (Disadvantage) The British also carried out a number of studies on land income, causing difficulties for farmers. Farmers' taxes were collected to finance their policies & contributions for the war. The extraction of revenue for the British was done by means of both "direct & indirect" means. This had an effect on the lives of the people who were struggling to satisfy their everyday needs as they had to sell their share of the goods to landowners & collectors.
• The municipal government has not given stability and social justice to the rural poor.   (Disadvantage) The introduction of a wide variety of commercial crops such as coffee,  opium, tea, indigo,  cotton, jute, olive seed & cassava was greatly & economically influenced by British policies in India. Various forms of agricultural crops with diverse intentions have been introduced. In the case of Indian opium, the trade in Chinese tea was balanced by Britain to that of British tea.
• British traders were largely responsible for the market for opium, which did not give Indian farmers much room for profit. The Indians had to grow indigo and sell it under British conditions. (Disadvantage) In India, camels, bullock carts, & pack animals were the means of travel.
• England wanted railroads connecting production/ manufacturing areas to the ports for the purpose of exports, making it easier for British commodities to be shipped to different parts of the world, and even carrying raw materials to ports. The United Kingdom also needed rail transport. In the second half of the 19th century, the extensive rail network you've seen today was pioneered by the British (advantage)

Social Impact

• The British had come to India and brought with them new values of liberty , equality, justice and human rights from the Enlightenment, the Independence Struggle and the various revolutions of Europe. These ideas mobilised several sections of our society and resulted in a variety of reform movts in various parts of the nation. The movts had established national unity & accepted freedom , equality and brotherhood.
• The consequences of the acts of these diverse people, the reforming cultures and the religious movements have been felt across the nation, and the national movts had been most visible (Advantage). The British were very keen to bring English to India. Indian education was part of their English language strategy. Though the British pursued a half-hearted schooling policy in India, English and western developments also had major social impacts. The influx of English & Western education has contributed to the adoption of Indians of modern, logical, democratic, liberal & patriotic perspectives.
• They were open to emerging fields of study, study and literature. The British have now set in motion a new legal and judiciary system in India. The rules were codified and the judiciary was also sought to distinguish from the executive.
• The 'State of Law' has been founded in India. But it only let the British exert unfair control and mess with the interests and liberties of the Indians. It was not possible for common citizens to enter the courts of justice (disadvantages)