Question

List the mistakes Muhammad - bin Tughluq committed as a Sultan and describe the one which according to you was the most serious. Give reasons for your choice​

Answer 1

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The mistakes Muhammad - bin Tughluq committed are :-

1. Sultan Muhammad Bin Tughlaq suffered from certain qualities of hastiness and impatience that is why many of his experiments failed. The increase of taxation in the Doab area between the Ganga and Yamuna, was an ill measured step and created severe discontent amongst the peasants and farmers. He had increased taxes in times of famine, due to which the farmers joined outlaws to work against the sultanate.

2. The establishment of Diwan-i-kohi, for agricultural purposes was a good idea but due to the Sultan’s impatience and untied loops in the system it was a catastrophe. Proper research was not conducted and they chose infertile land for the purpose, plus, corruption was rampant. This led to bad planning and faulty implementation, resulting in a huge loss for the Sultan’s treasury and production of below par quantity of food-grains.

3. Transfer of the sultanate’s capital from Delhi to Daultabad was a huge mistake as it led to an erstwhile powerful city (Delhi) falling in neglect. There was discontent brewing among his citizens who had shifted from Delhi to Daulatabad, and on top of that it was not easy to control the North from Daulatabad, and he hadn’t been able to secure the South completely, using Daulatabad as his base.

4. Introduction of bronze coins as currency without proper research. Bronze coins were introduced in place of silver and gold coins. Within a very short time specimens of this coin were found in different parts of the country. A huge amount of forged coins entered into market and government treasury as those were minted secretly by private parties. The government took no steps to prevent this. As a result each house turned to be a mint.

5. To fulfil the ambition of becoming a great conqueror; the sultan planned to conquer the kingdom of Khurasan which was then ruled by Iraq. He recruited one hundred thousand soldiers and paid them a year’s salary in advance. This project was dropped because he did not get the help of the Persian emperor who had assured him to help in this mission.

6. Karajal expedition was another wrong step of Muhammad Bin Tughlaq. Karajal was a Hindu kingdom located between India and China. In 1337 Muhammad Bin Tughlaq sent a huge army to invade Karajal. After initial success, the Delhi army perished in the mountainous region of Himalayas due to severe rainfall.

Answer 2

Answer:

here is your answer..

Explanation:

Muhammad - bin - tughlaq had great ideas and plans that failed because the people could not understand them.

Some of his wrong decisions were:-

(1):- Taxation in the doab (fertile) region.

(2):- Shift of capital from Delhi to Daulatabad (Devagiri).

(3):- Introduction of token currency:-

In 1329, Muhammad bin Tughlaq introduced a token currency. There was a shortage of silver during this period. So the sultan decided to mint coins of brass and copper for day to do use. These coins had the same value as pure silver coins. Further they could be exchanged for silver coins, at any time, from the royal treasury. Muhammad, however failed to check the illegal minting of coins. The design was simple enough for the ordinary craftspeople to copy. As brass and copper was easily available and much cheaper than silver, people bought brass and copper in bulk and started minting coins at home. The kingdom was flooded with forged coins. Money lost its value and this proved to be the most incorrect decision of the sultan.

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