Question

Lotions: Fom. Gli
की तंबी सीढ़ी हवीबार दीपार के शीर्ष पर पहुंचती है। यदि
पीडी दीवार के साथ काकी लाती है. ती दीवार की
Fram 6 t.sm
so sem
मक​

Answer 1

Answer:

yolo guys kaise ho .........

Answer 2

Answer:

Most lotions are oil-in-water emulsions using a substance such as cetearyl alcohol to keep the emulsion together, but water-in-oil lotions are also formulated. The key components of a skin care lotion, cream or gel emulsion (that is mixtures of oil and water) are the aqueous and oily phases, an emulgent to prevent separation of these two phases, and, if used, the drug substance or substances. A wide variety of other ingredients such as fragrances, glycerol, petroleum jelly, dyes, preservatives, proteins and stabilizing agents are commonly added to lotions.

Since thickness and consistency are key factors in lotions and creams, it is important to understand the manufacturing process that determines viscosity.

Manufacturing lotions and creams can be completed in two cycles:

Emollients and lubricants are dispersed in oil with blending and thickening agents.

Perfume, color and preservatives are dispersed in the water cycle. Active ingredients are broken up in both cycles depending on the raw materials involved and the desired properties of the lotion or cream.

A typical oil-in-water manufacturing process might go like this:

Step 1: Add flake/powder ingredients to the oil being used to prepare the oil phase.

Step 2: Disperse active ingredients.

Step 3: Prepare the water phase containing emulsifiers and stabilizers.

Step 4: Mix the oil and water to form an emulsion. (Note: This is aided by heating to between 110-185 F (45-85 C) depending on the formulation and viscosity desired.)

Step 5: Continue mixing until the end product is completed

Careful note should be taken in choosing the right mixing equipment for lotion manufacturing to avoid agglomerates and long processing times. It can make all the difference in manufacturing time and costs. Conventional agitators can present a number of problems including agglomerates and longer processing times. On the other hand, high shear in-line mixers can produce quality lotions and creams without many of the complications encountered with conventional mixers. Sonolation is also a process that is growing in popularity.

Step-by-step explanation: