Question

Lowest, densest layer of the atmosphere. The boundary between the two, the tropopause, is about 18km above your head, if you are in the tropics, and a few kilometers lower if you are at higher latitudes (or up a mountain). In the troposphere, the air at higher altitudes is in general cooler than the air below it, an unstable situation in which warm and often moist air below is endlessly buoying up into cooler air above. The resultant commotion creates clouds, storms and much of the rest of the world's weather. In the stratosphere, the air gets warmer at higher altitudes, which provides stability. The stratosphere-which extends up to about 55km, where the mesosphere begins, is made even less weather-prone by the absence of water vapor, and thus of the clouds and precipitation to which it leads. This is because the top of the troposphere is normally very cold, causing ascending water vapor to freeze into ice crystals that drift and fall, rather than continuing up into the stratosphere. A little water manages to get past this cold trap. But as dr solomon and her colleagues note, satellite measurements show that rather less has been doing so over the past ten years than was the case previously. Plugging the changes in water vapor into a climate model that looks at the way different substances absorb and emit infrared radiation, they conclude that between 2000 and 2009 a drop in the stratospheric water vapor of less than one part per million slowed the rate of warming at the earth's surface by about 25%. Such a small change in stratospheric water vapor can have such a large effect precisely because the stratosphere is already dry. It is the relative change in the amount of a greenhouse gas, not its absolute level, which determines how much warming it can produce. Q1. What is the order of layers in the atmosphere, starting from the lowermost and going to the topmost?

a. Tropopause, troposphere, mesosphere, stratosphere

b. Troposphere, tropopause, stratospheres, mesosphere

c. Troposphere, tropopause, , mesosphere, stratosphere

d. Troposphere, stratosphere, , tropopause, , mesosphere q2. What accounts for the absence of water vapor in stratosphere?

a. The layer of stratosphere is situated too far above for the water vapor to reach

b. Rising global temperature, leading to reduce water vapor that gets absorbed in the troposphere

c. The greenhouse gas gets absorbed by the clouds in the troposphere and comes down as rain

d. Before the vapor can rise up, it has to pass through below freezing temperatures and turns into ice q3. Why is the situation in the troposphere defined as unstable ?

a. Because, unlike the stratosphere, there is too much water vapor in the troposphere

b. Because the troposphere is not directly linked to the stratosphere, but through the tropopause which creates much of the world's weather

c. Because of the interaction between warm and cool air which is unpredictable in nature and can lead to storms

Answer 1

The Stratosphere sits on top of the Troposphere, the lowest, densest layer of the atmosphere. The boundary between the two, the Tropopause, is about 18km above your head, if you are in the tropics, and a few kilometers lower if you are at higher latitudes (or up a mountain).

Answer 2

Answer:

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