mage formed by optical instruments such as a plane mirror, convex mirror and a concave mirror can be constructed using simple laws of reflection. Such images are characterized by the following three properties.
(a) Magnified/diminished: If size of image is more than the size of the object then the image is said to be enlarged or magnified.
(b) Real/Virtual: If the reflected rays meet at a point then the image is said to be real. Such real images can be obtained on a screen. When the reflected rays are divergent then we use the geometrical construction of extending the reflected rays backwards so that they these meet at a point. This is then taken as a virtual image.
(c) Erect/inverted: If the head of the object and the image (real or virtual) are along the same direction then the image is said to be erect. If the directions are opposite then the image is said to be inverted.
Object distance, image distance and focal length of a mirror are related by the relation
Magnification of the image formed by a mirror is given by the relation .
Both the relations are general and sign conventions have to be applied as and when required by the situation.
Consider a real object placed on eh principal axis as shown in the figure given below. The segment PQ represents the position and location of an optical instrument (such as a plane mirror, concave mirror or a convex mirror). Both the object and the optical instrument can be moved along the principal axis.
Let the optical instrument (PQ) be a convex mirror. Choose the correct statement from the following
A real image is formed for object distance greater than the focal length
A virtual image is formed only if object is placed between focal point and pole of the mirror
Only virtual diminished image will be formed for any object distance.
Only a virtual (enlarged or diminished) will be formed for any object distance.
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Answer:A. Diminished image's size is smaller than the size of the object, whereas the size of a magnified image is larger than the object. (You can remember this point by the corresponding names also!) 2. The diminished image is usually formed in front of the mirror and the magnified image is usually formed behind the mirror
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