MAKE A PROJECT FILE ON HEALTH SYSTEM OF INDIA INCLUDING FOLLOWING POINTS:
1.COMPARISON BETWEEN PRIVATE AND PUBLIC HEALTH SYSTEM
2.HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE IN INDIA
3.PROBLEMS IN OUR HEALTH SYSTEM
4.POLICIES TO IMPROVEHEALTH SYSTEM
Answers
Answer:
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The public healthcare system in India evolved due to a number of influences from the past 70 years, including British influence from the colonial period.[1] The need for an efficient and effective public health system in India is large. Public health system across nations is a conglomeration of all organized activities that prevent disease, prolong life and promote health and efficiency of its people. Indian healthcare system has been historically dominated by provisioning of medical care and neglected public health.[2] 11.9% of all maternal deaths and 18% of all infant mortality in the world occurs in India, ranking it the highest in the world.[3][4] 36.6 out of 1000 children are dead by the time they reach the age of 5.[5] 62% of children are immunized.[6] Communicable disease is the cause of death for 53% of all deaths in India.[7]
Public health initiatives that affect people in all states, such as the National Health Mission, Ayushman Bharat, National Mental Health Program, are instilled by the Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.[1] There are multiple systems set up in rural and urban areas of India including Primary Health Centres, Community Health Centres, Sub Centres, and Government Hospitals. These programmes must follow the standards set by Indian Public Health Standards documents that are revised when needed.[8]
Explanation:
History =
Public health systems in the colonial period were focused on health care for British citizens who were living in India. The period saw research institutes, public health legislation, and sanitation departments, although only 3% of Indian households had toilets at this time.[2] Annual health reports were released and the prevention of contagious disease outbreaks was stressed. At the end of the colonial period, death rates from infectious diseases such as cholera had fallen to a low, although other diseases were still rampant.[2]
In modern-day India, the spread of communicable diseases is under better control and now non-communicable diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases, are major killers.[2] Health care reform was prioritized in the 1946 Bhore Committee Report which suggested the implementation of a health care system that was financed at least in part by the Indian government.[1] In 1983 the first National Health Policy (NHP) of India was created with the goals of establishing a system with primary-care facilities and a referral system. In 2002, the updated NHP focused on improving the practicality and reach of the system as well as incorporating private and public clinics into the health sphere.[1] In the context of universal health coverage, the recent policy focus in India, there is an attempt to ensure that every citizen should have adequate access to curative care without any financial hardships. Equally relevant is the acknowledgement of social determinants of health as an important determinant of population health and the need to have a public health cadre within the existing health care system. This call for a need to distinguish[9] between 'Public health' system and 'Public' sector health care system as the latter uses public to indicate the primary role of government and not necessarily as population as used in public health.