Make a project on Earthquake with the following detail : i. introduction - types of disaster ii. causes,efforts,consequences iii.steps to minimize the impact of earthquake with latest disaster management strategy at global level.
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Earthquake is one of the most devastating natural disasters on earth. Earthquake effects can cover hundreds of thousands of square kilometers; cause damage to structures or infrastructures facilities, result in loss of life and injury to hundreds of thousands of people, and disrupt the social and economic functioning of the affected area. Usually the effects will rise significantly as results of increasing in population and structures or infrastructure facilities. Although it is impossible to prevent earthquake from occurring, it is possible to mitigate the effects and to reduce loss of life, injuries and damage. The worst earthquake disaster in the modern years occurred in North Sumatra at Banda Aceh. The great Sumatran earthquake occurred on the 26th December 2004, measuring at 9.3 on the Richter Scale, had created tsunami that killed 283,100 people from surrounding countries, including Malaysia with 68 people died. With this incidence, Malaysia need to be prepared to confront with such disasters, which not only originate from our country but also from countries near by. Beside tsunami, earthquakes can create many more disasters such as liquefaction, landslides, earth ruptures and most prominently ground vibration. The ground vibration can cause structural collapse, loss of lives and property damages. Research in the field of earthquake engineering is still required even in the country with low to moderate seismic activity level such as Malaysia. Lessons learned from the 1985 Mexican earthquake and the 1957 San Francisco earthquake phenomena have shown that earthquake can have significant effects although at longer distance due to long period component of shear waves. Hence, the earthquake engineering research is needed in order to predict the possibility of earthquake in the future that can cause damages to the buildings and structures as well as to find the solution for mitigating the effects. The researches done by the author involve investigation and solution of the problems created by damaging earthquakes. The research work covers the seismic hazard assessment, vulnerability and risk studies of structures and infrastructures, practical application of new innovative products for earthquake disaster solutions, such as new types of base isolators, dampers, sensors and intelligent system in monitoring and managing earthquake-resistant structures and facilities.