malaria,plague,AIDS, pathogen,mode of infection, symptoms, prevention and treatment
Answers
Malaria
- mode of infection: Malaria is a parasitic disease which spreads through parasite bite.
- symptoms: fever, chills, sweats, headache, body aches, nausea, and vomiting
-prevention:
1- Use a bed net or a mosquito net.
2- Use insecticide.
3- Use indoor residual spraying in your home.
4- Install screens on doors and windows, use of air-conditioners and fans, this will prevent mosquitoes from settling in.
- treatment: Antimalarial medications.
plague
- mode of infection: The bacterium transmitted from a host such as a rat to a human through the bite of an animal or insect (such as a flea). More than 200 different rodents can be the hosts. They may be domestic cats and dogs, squirrels, chipmunks, marmots, deer mice, rabbits, hares, rock squirrels, camels, sheep, and other animals.
- symptoms:
Fever
Chills
Body aches
Sore throat
Headache
Weakness
Abdominal pain
Nausea, vomiting
Constipation, diarrhea, and black or tarry stools
Cough (may contain blood)
Shortness of breath
Stiff neck
Fever, heart irregularities, low blood pressure
-prevention:
Removing things such as brush, rock piles, junk, cluttered firewood, and possible rodent food supplies, including any food.
Making homes rodent-proof.
Wearing gloves if handling or skinning potentially infected animals to prevent contact between their skin and the plague bacteria
- treatment:
Patients are isolated and precautions are taken so it doesn't spread to others. Some patients may need help breathing thus are provided with oxygen. They are kept away from others for two to three days after antibiotic treatment has started or until the infection is cleared.
AIDS
- mode of infection: Blood
Semen
Pre-seminal fluids
Rectal fluids
Vaginal fluids
Breast milk
- symptoms:
nausea.
vomiting.
persistent diarrhea.
chronic fatigue.
fast weight loss.
cough
fever, chills, and night sweats.
rashes, sores, or lesions in the mouth or nose, on the genitals, or under the skin.
-prevention:
Get tested and know your partner’s AID's status.
Have less risky sex.
Use condoms.
Limit your number of sexual partners.
Get tested and treated for STDs.
Talk to your health care provider about pre-exposure prophylaxis.
Don’t inject drugs
- treatment:
HAART therapy
pathogen
- mode of infection:
Contact spread. This occurs when organisms from an infected host or other reservoir are transmitted to a host through touch of an inanimate object.
- symptoms: abdominal cramps, nausea, fever, joint/back aches, and fatigue
-prevention: Needle sticks and other sharps-related injuries may expose workers to blood borne pathogens so those need to be avoided. Use clean instruments, gloves, proper care for sanitation, etc.
- treatment:
Bacterial infections may be treated with antibiotics.
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