malnutrition causes deficiency diseases. Does over nutritional (excess of nutrion) in diet also cause any harm?
Answers
Answer:
Malnutrition refers to getting too little or too much of certain nutrients.
It can lead to serious health issues, including stunted growth, eye problems, diabetes and heart disease.
Malnutrition affects billions of people worldwide. Some populations have a high risk of developing certain types of malnutrition depending on their environment, lifestyle and resources.
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Answer:
Weight Gain
Maintaining your weight depends on both your food intake and your activity level. Taking in as many calories as you burn allows you to stay at your current weight, but, if you routinely consume more calories than you need, you will increase your body fat. Carbohydrates, proteins and fats all contribute calories to your diet, with carbs providing your primary fuel source. However, once your energy needs are met, excess carbohydrates can convert to fatty acids for storage in your adipose tissue. Your dietary proteins and fats supply amino acids and fatty acids to your body, and, once the requirements for these nutrients are met, the excess can also convert to fat tissue.
Metabolism
Excessive protein intake can impact several aspects of your metabolism. For example, consuming greater levels of this nutrient than your body needs can affect insulin sensitivity and potentially increase the risk of developing diabetes. High dietary protein is contraindicated if you have kidney disorders, and it may be associated with the onset of renal cancer. It may also cause calcium to be leached into your urine, affecting bone health, or predispose you to metabolic acidosis. In this condition, your body’s protein synthesis decreases while protein breakdown accelerates.
Toxicity
Nutrients that do not supply calories to your diet can be dangerous if you take in too many of them. Fat-soluble vitamins are especially prone to causing adverse effects because you store them in your adipose tissue. Toxic levels of vitamin A, for example, can cause birth defects, while too much vitamin D can increase your blood level of calcium and eventually cause calcium deposits in your soft tissues. Minerals can also accumulate to toxic levels and cause problems. For instance, excess dietary calcium may lead to kidney stones, and it affects the absorption of phosphorus, iron, zinc and magnesium. High sodium intake can impact your cardiovascular system, too much copper can cause liver damage and excess manganese can result in neurotoxicity.
Hyponatremia
Water can be an overlooked nutrient, yet it is essential for your body to function properly. Although taking in too little water can cause dehydration and even life-threatening effects, overloading on water can be equally damaging. Hyponatremia is a condition in which your tissues are flooded with so much water it dilutes the sodium surrounding your cells. In its mild form it can cause headache, muscle cramps and fainting, but the condition can rapidly escalate, leading to seizures, brain damage and even death.
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