Question

Medieval india and political transition
9th std notes
state​

Answer 1

Answer:

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Explanation:

1. Explain the contributions of Rajput kings to the field of literature.

Rajput kings themselves were scholars. Kings like Bhoja, Munja have written various literary

works. King Munja had poets Padmagupta and Halayudha in his court. King Bhoja had extended

his royal patronage to the Jain scholars; Shanthisena, Prabhachandra Suri, and Ghanapala during his rule. The Poetic works like Jayadeva’s ‘Geethagovinda’, Bharavi’s ‘Keerathanarjuneeya’, Bharthruhari’s ‘Ravana Vadha’, Mahendrapala’s ‘Kavya Meemamse’ were written during the rule of

Rajputs. Dramas like Rajashekara’s ‘Bala Ramayana’ and ‘Karpuramanjari’; Bhavabhuti’s ‘Mahaveeracharitha’ and ‘Uthararamacharita’; and historical works like Kalhana’s ‘Raja Tharangini’;

Jayanika’s ‘Prithiviraja Vijaya’ and Hemachandra’s ‘Kumarapla Charitha’ are the important works. ‘Prithiviraja Raso’ by Chand Bardahi and ‘Bhoja Prabandha’ by Balalla are the noted biographies of Rajput rulers.

2. Explain the administration system of Iltamush briefly.

Iltamush divided his kingdom into Iktas (provinces) and appointed Iktadhars (provincial officers) to run administration. He appointed a group of forty sardars to advise him in administrative issues. The Prime Minister and Judges used to advise him. Iltamush brought gold and silver coins into circulation. 3. What were the administrative reforms implemented by Alluddin Khilji?

1. Allauddin Khilji implemented various reforms in the administration.

2. He abolished religious endowments, Inams (gift) lands and subsidy.

3. An efficient intelligence network was established by him.

4. He prohibited alcohol, drugs and dice game.

5. He banned association formation among his Sardars (lieutenants).

6. During his time, the farmers with minor landholdings and also the big landlords had to pay taxes.

7. He appointed revenue officials to collect the fixed taxes from the farmers.

8. Military reforms: The salary of the soldier was dispersed on the last day of the month in the

form of cash.

9. The process of stamping the horses called as ‘Dhag’ came into effect.

10. He created a system wherein the common people had access to pulses, cereals, cooking oil, sugar, salt and fuel at fair prices.

11. Similarly he established markets to sell horses and slaves.

4. What were the administrative reforms implemented by Mohammed-bin-Tughlaq. Administrative reforms-

1. Revenue reforms: An official record that had all the details of lands of the empire was implemented by him. He established department of agriculture. The uncultivated lands were made cultivable.

2. Shifting of his Capital: He wanted to shift his capital from delhi to devagiri because to

establish the capital city at the centre of the vast empire, and to protect the capital city from foreign invasions.

3. Experiment of symbolic Coins- He brought gold coin named ‘Dinar’ and silver coin named ‘Adli’ into circulation. Copper and brass coins were also brought into circulation symbolically.

5. What were the contributions of Delhi Sultans to art and architecture? Give examples.

 The Delhi Sultans introduced a new style of architecture known as ‘Indo-Islamic’ architecture.

 Arches, domes and minarets are the main features of this style. The Delhi Sultans built forts, Mosques, palaces, public buildings, madrasas and Dharmashalas.

 Qutub minar, Quvat-Ul-Islam mosque, Allai Dharavaja, Juwait Khana

 mosque are the few examples of Indo-Islamic style.

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