mention a reason for the hormones of voice in boys
Answers
Explanation:
at puberty males produce hormone like testosterone which hits boys voice
my own words
mark me as brainlest
Voice is one of the advanced features of natural evolution that differentiates human beings from other primates. The human voice is capable of conveying the thoughts into spoken words along with a subtle emotion to the tone. This extraordinary character of the voice in expressing multiple emotions is the gift of God to the human beings and helps in effective interpersonal communication. Voice generation involves close interaction between cerebral signals and the peripheral apparatus consisting of the larynx, vocal cords, and trachea. The human voice is susceptible to the hormonal changes throughout life right from the puberty until senescence. Thyroid, gonadal and growth hormones have tremendous impact on the structure and function of the vocal apparatus. The alteration of voice is observed even in physiological states such as puberty and menstruation. Astute clinical observers make out the changes in the voice and refer the patients for endocrine evaluation. In this review, we shall discuss the hormonal influence on the voice apparatus in normal and endocrine disorders.
Keywords: Endocrinology, hormones, speech, voice
Introduction
The human race has appreciated the importance of voice for many centuries that differentiates them from other living things on the planet. Voice is an important component that imparts self-confidence and socially acceptable behavior of an individual. The quality of the voice is an essential component of the self-assessment tool and reduces the social and physiological handicap of an individual.[1] Theory of evolution states that there is a bias regarding the vocalization. Higher degrees of vocalization are observed in females and in individuals with higher rank and social strata. Thus, voice helps in improving the self-esteem of an individual considerably. The pitch of the voice is considered as the main factor influencing the perception of the gender based on the voice. Volubility is defined as the amount of time spent in vocalizing or speaking and also the number of vocals or speech units per minute.[2]
The relation between voice and hormones was appreciated even in the medieval era. In ancient days, it was a common practice in Central Asia and European countries to castrate young male singers with exceptionally good voice. This prevented the cracking of their voice during puberty, giving them a long professional life. This practice was prevalent in 17th and 18th centuries and the popular castrated stars during that era include Baldassare Ferri (1610–1680) and Alessandro Moreschi (1858–1922).[3] Speech is one of the basic languages that exist in far higher proportion than the written languages. Vocalization helps in interspecies communication and humans utilize this for maximum efficiency. The current article aims to provide a brief overview of the role the endocrine system in voice alterations in health and disease.
Physiology of Voice
The production of voice by the human being is a complex function which depends on multiple systems including a properly functioning neurological system, the respiratory system and an anatomically sound and physiologically active upper airway tract. Production of voice involves a complex coordination between various muscles and a temporary cessation of the vital functions of the upper aero-digestive tract like breathing and deglutition.[4] The larynx per se is a dynamic structure which can alter its shape and lumen by a system of articulated cartilages controlled by the Xth cranial nerve. Essentially, voice is produced by the vibration of a closed glottis during expiration. The air blast produced by the lungs induce a vibration in the glottis which produces voice which in turn gets articulated in the lubricated supra-laryngeal airway to form speech. This complex mechanism is important to understand as any change in any of these systems brought about by endocrine disorders would have an impact on the physiology of voice production. The characteristics of speech include the voice (audible sound waves), pitch (rate of vibration of the vocal folds), resonance (quality and depth in voice), intonation (variation of pitch without distinguishing of words), tone (pitch variation with distinguishing of words), intensity (pressure of sound), timbre (characteristic tone or quality), and articulation (production of vowels and consonant sounds).[5] The fundamental frequency (F0) corresponds to the number of vocal fold vibration cycles per second (Hz) and perceived as the pitch of the voice.