Question

Mention the essential material (chemicals) to prepare soap in the laboratory. Describe in brief the test of determining the nature (acidic/alkaline) of the reaction mixture of saponification reaction.

Answer 1

Soap is prepared by heating animal fat or vegetable oil with concentrated sodium hydroxide .
                               Heat
Fat or oil + NaOH ----------> Soap +Glycerol.
The process of making soap by the hydrolysis of fats and oils with alkalis is called Saponification.
Raw Materials Required For preparation of soap in Laboratory :
--> Vegetable oil
---> Sodium Hydroxide
---> Commom salt
---> Beaker
---> Bunsen Burner.
TEST: saops are mostly basic in nature and we can do litmus test red litmus will turn to blue.

Answer 2

1 . Fat or oil 20ml

2 . 20% of NaOH solution30ml

3. water

4 . NaCl

~If we add a red litmus paper turns to blue than it is basic in nature