Question

mind map for fundamental unit of life​

Answer 1

Answer:

 CELL: It is the fundamental unit of life and it is the smallest structural and functional unit

of life. Cytology is the branch of science dealing with the study of science.

 CONTRIBUTIONS IN THE FIELD OF CYTOLOGY:

1. Robert Hooke – Discovered cell

2. Robert Brown – Discovered Nucleus

3. Leeuwenhoek – Discovered free living cells in pond

4. Purkinje – Discovered term protoplasm for fluid like material present inside

the cell

 THE CELL THEORY: Schleiden, Schwann and Virchow gave cell theory. Cell

theory states that:

1. All plants and animals (living organisms) are made up of cells

2. Cell is the basic unit of life.

3. All new cells arise from pre – existing cells. (Virchow)

 TYPES OF ORGANISMS BASED ON NUMBER OF CELLS IT IS MADE UP OF:

UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS

1. The body of these organisms is

made up of single cell.

1. The body of these organisms is

made up of many cells.

2. e.g.: yeast, amoeba,

paramecium, euglena

2. e.g.: rose plant, mango plant,

human, ant

 DIFFERRNT SHAPES AND SIZES OF CELLS: The cells of living body posseses

different shapes and sizes as they have to perform different functions.

E.g.: 1) NERVE CELL: these are very long as they have to transmit messages from

one part of the body to another.

2) FAT CELLS: these are large to store fat molecules.

 STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION OF CELLS: A cell is made up of plasma

membrane , nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell organelles.

 PLASMA MEMBRANE: It is the outermost membrane of all animal cells and in

plant cell the plasma membrane is surrounded by a cell wall.

 COMPOSITION OF PLASMA MEMBR.ANE: Plasma membrane is made up

of lipids and proteins.