Mycobacterium—its common pathogenic species, and its effects on the skin of the patient
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It is important to consider mycobacterial infection in any stubborn and atypical skin problem, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.[1] Mycobacteria cause slowly developing chronic skin infections.
Mycobacterial infection is increasing, partly due to emerging drug resistance and the HIV epidemic.[2]
Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are acid-fast bacteria, widespread in the environment. In children, NTM may cause lymphadenitis, skin and soft tissue infections and occasionally also lung disease and disseminated infections.[3]NTM cause infections mainly after trauma, surgery and cosmetic procedures.[4]
Of the greater than 140 NTM species reported, 25 species have been strongly associated with NTM diseases and the other species are rarely encountered in clinical samples. Correct species identification is very important but the diagnosis is often complex. NTM species vary greatly in their growth rate, temperature tolerance and drug susceptibility.[5]
Tuberculosis
Lupus vulgaris[6]
This is the most common form of cutaneous tuberculosis, occurring after primary infection in individuals with good natural resistance.
Females are more often affected and it is also more common in children.
Most commonly, it affects the face and neck and is seen initially as firm, translucent, brown nodules.
Without treatment, the lesions slowly spread laterally, leading to disfiguring scarring. Malignant change has been reported in these scars.
Diagnosis is confirmed by biopsy and culture. Patients should receive full anti-tuberculous therapy for at least one year.
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Mycobacterial infection is increasing, partly due to emerging drug resistance and the HIV epidemic.[2]
Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are acid-fast bacteria, widespread in the environment. In children, NTM may cause lymphadenitis, skin and soft tissue infections and occasionally also lung disease and disseminated infections.[3]NTM cause infections mainly after trauma, surgery and cosmetic procedures.[4]
Of the greater than 140 NTM species reported, 25 species have been strongly associated with NTM diseases and the other species are rarely encountered in clinical samples. Correct species identification is very important but the diagnosis is often complex. NTM species vary greatly in their growth rate, temperature tolerance and drug susceptibility.[5]
Tuberculosis
Lupus vulgaris[6]
This is the most common form of cutaneous tuberculosis, occurring after primary infection in individuals with good natural resistance.
Females are more often affected and it is also more common in children.
Most commonly, it affects the face and neck and is seen initially as firm, translucent, brown nodules.
Without treatment, the lesions slowly spread laterally, leading to disfiguring scarring. Malignant change has been reported in these scars.
Diagnosis is confirmed by biopsy and culture. Patients should receive full anti-tuberculous therapy for at least one year.
Plzz mark as brainliest answer
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