Question

Name any two ways by which population can be controlled

Answer 1

Here is your answer
1. Individual/familial choices:  Families and individuals decide to limit the number of children they are going to have.  In the developed countries, this technique has been prevalent for a long time, but it is also becoming increasingly so in new economies like India, Pakistan, for example. While contraception is the most common method of this control, abortion may not be too far behind in frequency.
In many countries, both developed as well as "others", there are many religion based forces that tend to discourage these measures.  In spite of that the overall trend appears to be a decrease in birthrate.
 
2. Government enforced control of population growth.  China is a good example.  Japan appears to be having a problem because of too much reduction in the birthrate (I assume).  Their population is getting older and older, which may have its own consequences.  The same could have happened in some western nations, had it not been for their immigration policies that introduce young, energetic, and hard working new members to their populations.  
Governments also get credit for implementing and enforcing laws concerning public health practices that have had an immense effect in improving the life expectancy.  Medical advances would merely be interesting papers in medical journal had it not been for the governments who took the initiative to implement change.
Governments also get credit for implementing nationwide healthcare policies concerning insurance and availability of care.  Examples: Medicare, Medicaid, Affordable Healthcare Act.  
Another government implemented social program, which may not have had a direct impact on the healthcare - but certainly has had great beneficial effect on the people's lives as they get old, has been the Social Security.
HOPE THIS WILL HELP YOU

Answer 2

1. by using 4Rs that is
reuse
recycle
reduce
recover
2. by minimising the things which pollute environment. like - plastic, polythene.etc.